Child Population Health in Primary Healthcare in Romania

Highlights

Improving child health in the earliest years is central to Romania’s demographic and social resilience, particularly in light of current trends. Despite continuous reform in primary health care, substantial inequities persist—especially for children under five in rural and low-income communities across the country. 

One of the leading causes of this phenomenon is the insufficient focus on preventive and community health services, which remain underfunded – accounting for only 1.4 per cent of total health spending compared with an EU average of 2.8 per cent (European Commission, 2025). Moreover, coverage of reimbursed child health examinations falls from one-third of infants in their first year to barely one in ten children after age four.