Understanding Factors Driving Child, Early, and Forced Marriage and Unions (CEFMU)
A qualitative research
Highlights
This research, commissioned by UNICEF Philippines in collaboration with ThinkPlace Philippines, explores the socio-cultural, religious, economic, and systemic factors driving child, early, and forced marriage and unions (CEFMU) in Jolo, Sulu, and Bongao, Tawi-Tawi. Through qualitative methods—including in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with religious leaders, parents, adolescents, educators, and government stakeholders—the research provides critical insights into the persistence of CEFMU and actionable recommendations for addressing it.
CEFMU is a deeply rooted practice in BARMM, shaped by interwoven socio-cultural and religious traditions, economic vulnerabilities, and systemic and legal gaps in enforcement and awareness. The region’s unique socio-cultural landscape amplifies the challenges in addressing CEFMU, with early marriage often viewed as a solution to avoid actions considered haram (forbidden under Islamic law) and preserve family honor. Addressing this practice is not only essential for safeguarding the rights and futures of young people but also aligns with global commitments to achieving gender equality, reducing poverty, and ensuring access to education.
Note: During the period of this study, Sulu was administratively part of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), but it is now no longer under BARMM jurisdiction.
