The science of play

It’s not just fun – it’s fundamental to your child’s development.

UNICEF
A little girl sits with her mother. They are looking at each other with smiles. The girl is holding a xylophone mallet, and there is a colorful toy xylophone on the orange table.
UNICEF/UNI220316/Pancic
03 June 2024

Did you know your child’s brain develops more in the first three years of life than at any other time? That’s a lot of growing! The good news is that one of the best ways for you to support your child’s development is actually quite simple and fun for both of you.

On the surface, play may seem like it’s all about having fun, but it’s far more than that for babies and toddlers. It’s about learning and building important life skills – from problem solving to expressing ideas – and strengthening the bond between you both. After all, you are your child’s first teacher and playmate! We teamed up with the LEGO Foundation to explore the science behind how you can help your child grow and develop during these playful interactions.

When they're building a tower, they're practicing physical skills

Stacking objects helps them to understand movement and space through practicing sensory-motor skills and developing spatial understanding. This skillset is important for nurturing a healthy, active body. Engage with your child by noticing what they are building, making sounds and facial expressions, and taking turns adding objects to the structure – see how high you can go!

Two children are lying on a colorful play mat. The boy on the right is wearing a blue and white plaid shirt. The girl on the left is wearing a grey shirt with a yellow flower design. Both are smiling happily.
UNICEF/UN0582757/Willocq

When you’re playing hide-and-go-seek with objects together, they're building cognitive skills

Working on a challenging (but fun!) task like hiding and finding household objects helps your child to practice concentration, problem solving and flexible thinking. They're learning to tackle complex tasks and build effective strategies to overcome obstacles. If your child seems frustrated at any point, provide helpful hints but let them reach the solution on their own.

3 ways to practice problem solving with your child

A woman smiles happily while holding a baby in her arms. The baby has a bright smile and looks joyful. The background shows a room with brightly colourful walls.
UNICEF/UN0803914/Pouget

When they're making silly sounds, they're building social skills

Little ones naturally reach out for interaction through babbling, facial expressions and gestures. Paying attention to your child, naming what they are doing, and responding by adapting your gaze, voice and movement helps to build and strengthen neural connections in their brain that support the development of communication and social skills. This kind of give and take also strengthens the bond between you and your child.

Learn more about baby talk

When they sing and dance, they're building emotional skills

Understanding, managing and expressing emotions by building self-awareness and handling impulses is vital to your child’s emotional development and lifelong well-being. Singing and dancing is a great way to express and let out feelings! Make it a bonding activity by singing or dancing along.

How music affects your baby’s brain

When they draw from their imagination, they're building creative skills

When your little one is sitting down and drawing their own world on paper, they are expressing their ideas and transforming them into reality. Once they're finished, have them walk you through the world they've created and ask questions about what you see.

A young girl is smiling happily while coloring in a book. Other children are engaged in similar activities. Coloring books and educational materials are scattered around.
UNICEF/UNI490205/Panjwani

 

The good news is that children don't need expensive toys to play and learn. In fact, you probably have at home all the things you need to create a fun and engaging game with your baby.

Here are 7 toys you can make at home to help get you started and here is how you can turn everyday routines into learning opportunities.

Have fun!