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Отчет
07 Декабрь 2020
Меры реагирования социальной защиты ЮНИСЕФ на COVID-19
https://www.unicef.org/eca/ru/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B/%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B-%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%84-%D0%BD%D0%B0-covid-19
COVID-19 оказывает разрушительное воздействие на детей и их семьи. Согласно текущим оценкам, в результате пандемии в 2020 году к числу детей, проживающих в бедности, добавится еще 117 миллионов, а последствия будут распространяться в среднесрочной и долгосрочной перспективе. Социальная защита является признанной стратегией сокращения бедности,…, COVID-19 , , 3 United Nations Plaza . , NY, 10017, () 2020 . : : UNICEF/UNI341695/ 4: UNICEF/UNI325346/Tohlala/AFP : - , , , . , , , , , . 115 COVID-19 . , COVID-19 4 COVID-19 . , 2020 , , 117 , . , , , , , , - . , - , , , . , , . , ( 1, 3, 5, 8 10), . , . , . , , . COVID-19, 190 , 155 . : , - , , , , . , , , , , . , 115 , . 20 . , 44 . COVID-19…
Отчет
03 Октябрь 2018
Социальный мониторинг: региональный отчёт
https://www.unicef.org/eca/ru/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B/%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82
Согласно данным отчёта "Социальный мониторинг" уязвимые дети больше всего выигрывают, когда страны инвестируют средства в эффективную социальную защиту, включая денежную помощь. В докладе представлены данные о тенденциях и моделях изменения детской бедности и о влиянии социальной защиты на детей в 30 странах и территориях. В нем освещаются…, SOCIAL MONITORSocial protection for child rights and well-being in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia REGIONAL REPORT 2 CHAPTER 1 Analytical framework of social protection for children United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) December 2015 Permission is required to reproduce any part of this publication. Permission will be…
Article
25 Ноябрь 2022
Healing old wounds
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/healing-old-wounds
Yura, a social worker, had joined the CRWB a year earlier and was loving her work. “Guiding through people from refugee and migrant backgrounds on health-related procedures in their host country is a way to empower them to find solutions to health issues,” she explained. And this was particularly vital for those fleeing from armed conflicts and humanitarian crises. Radostina Belcheva, Project Coordinator and Deputy-Chair of CRWB explained: “In Bulgaria, refugee children arrive with their parents or – in some cases – unaccompanied. Psychological problems, infectious diseases, medically unobserved pregnancies and, in particular, a lack of immunization, are common problems that have a negative impact on their health and well-being.” Working directly with refugees, Yura would consult with families seeking to access health services, such as immunization. However, parents often lacked the necessary vaccination documents. According to Yura, “Sometimes children have not had any vaccinations, or they have been vaccinated in their country of origin, but their immunization cards have been lost or destroyed.”    Such cases required additional consultations, research and coordination, as well as testing for antibodies and immune responses when it was not clear whether the child has been vaccinated. “By empowering parents to familiarize themselves with the immunization plans and procedures we help them become proactive in following up on their children’s health,” said Yura.  
Article
04 Ноябрь 2022
Building demand for health services: the importance of health literacy
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/building-demand-health-services-importance-health-literacy
The success of the Initiative lies in its two-pronged approach. First, UNICEF and its partners in the five countries consulted young refugees, migrants and their caregivers on their priority health issues, as well as the gaps in health information and in their own knowledge. At every stage, their views, plus the views of UNICEF’s implementing partners on the ground, have informed health literacy packages that were rolled out in all five countries, spanning topics from the importance of immunization and the importance of breastfeeding to GBV, MHPSS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Second, the materials have been backed by communication plans to make sure their messages landed with their audience, and the materials produced have been culturally appropriate, gender sensitive and, where necessary, child-friendly. Cultural mediators and interpreters have helped to overcome language and cultural barriers, while materials have been made available in many languages, including Arabic, Farsi, Pashto, Tigrinya, Urdu and Wolof, as well as in large print and sign-language versions. Health literacy activities have been led by professionals who are already trusted by refugees and migrants. Materials have been shared through the channels and in the places they use most often, including asylum offices, temporary reception centres, health centres, Mother and Baby Corners, workshops and discussion sessions, during outreach activities and via social media.  
Article
29 Ноябрь 2022
How a pair of spectacles changed one girl’s life
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/how-pair-spectacles-changed-one-girls-life
3484 refugee and migrant children accessed health checks and referrals to public healthcare services, including to immunization, with UNICEF support – almost 3 times the number targeted for the Initiative. 3338 refugee and migrant children accessed mother, and child healthcare, including infant and young child feeding counselling, with UNICEF support – more than twice as many as originally targeted. Implementing partners: Danish Refugee Council, Fenix, Medicins du Monde, Save the Children International, World Vision. An independent evaluation of the ‘RM Child-Health’ Initiative has taken stock of its impact in Bosnia and Herzegovina. [1] This impact was driven, in large part, by close collaboration between the Initiative and other UNICEF programme areas, particularly health, early childhood development and social inclusion, and by strong relationships with implementing partners: the Danish Refugee Council, Fenix, Medicins du Monde and World Vision. Refugees, migrants and service providers have valued the Initiative, with surveys carried out by UNICEF’s implementing partners finding that the activities responded to needs. The beneficiaries were highly satisfied with both the paediatric services provided and the awareness raising and training delivered. The Initiative was swift to adapt to new and emerging needs, including the COVID-19 pandemic, modifying its information and training materials and approaches to keep health services going. UNICEF and its partners obtained official approval for health workers to work in other cantons and organized transport to get them there, helping to provide cover for health workers who were infected with COVID-19. [2] Partners also held more frequent meetings with fewer participants to maintain social distancing. In response to requests from refugees and migrants, the Initiative added nutrition information as well as mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services for children. Prior to the Initiative, MHPSS services had focused on adults only. Similarly, the Initiative led to the expansion of routine immunization to refugee and migrant children who had not previously been covered – with obvious benefits for the wider population as this critical immunization gap was closed. In addition, the work of the International Organization for Migration in Bosnia and Herzegovina now follows UNICEF’s protocol on the provision of baby formula milk. [3] Cantonal health institutes in Bosnia and Herzegovina are now better informed regarding the health conditions of refugees and migrants. UNICEF has also succeeded in integrating Roma and host communities in awareness-raising efforts on health delivered to refugee and migrant populations.   This story is part of the Project ‘Strengthening Refugee and Migrant Children’s Health Status in Southern and South Eastern Europe’, Co-funded by the Health Programme of the European Union (the ‘RM Child-Health’ initiative). It represents the views of the author only and is her sole responsibility; it cannot be considered to reflect the views of the European Commission and/or the European Health and Digital Executive Agency (HaDEA) or any other body of the European Union. The European Commission and the Agency do not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains. *Names changed to protect identities. [1] IOD PARC , Evaluation of the UNICEF Project: Strengthening Refugee and Migrant Children’s Health Status in Southern and South-Eastern Europe. [2] UNICEF ECARO staff. [3] UNICEF CO staff.
Article
01 Ноябрь 2022
Building ‘muscle memory’
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/building-muscle-memory
EU Health programme The ‘RM Child-Health’ initiative has supported work across five European countries to strengthen the capacity of national health systems to meet the health needs of refugee and migrant children. As the programme draws to a close, we review its impact on that capacity, recognizing that a health system that works for vulnerable children is a health system that works for every child.     Support from the ‘RM Child-Health’ initiative has reinforced and enhanced health systems across five European countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy and Serbia), helping them to deliver the high-quality services that every child needs, regardless of where they come from. This €4.3 million initiative, launched in 2020 by the European Union Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety, has aimed to strengthen the capacity of health systems to deliver health care to refugee and migrant children so that no child is overlooked or left behind. This has been crucial for overcoming the obstacles that have confronted so many refugee and migrant families when trying to access health care. As the initiative ends, an independent evaluation has found that it has succeeded in its goal of strengthening the capacity of national authorities. In particular, the Initiative has helped to enhance access to mental health and psycho-social support (MHPSS), life-saving immunization, services to prevent and respond to gender-based violence (GBV), and services for maternal and new-born health care and nutrition.  
Press release
19 Декабрь 2022
Vaccination campaign targeting Ukrainian refugees in Czech Republic launched today
https://www.unicef.org/eca/press-releases/vaccination-campaign-targeting-ukrainian-refugees-czech-republic-launched-today
A campaign to drive uptake of routine and COVID-19 vaccination among Ukrainian refugees and the Ukrainian community was launched today in Brno, Czech Republic, by the Ministry of Health in collaboration with UNICEF. "This campaign builds upon the success of the previous one, which reached half a milion people with COVID-19 vaccination, including 420,000 people with a second booster dose. This time, we are focusing on the Ukrainian community in the Czech Republic because of the low vaccination coverage against measles and polio among Ukrainian children. By joining hands with UNICEF, we wish to tackle the spread of misinformation with practical and reliable information on the safety and effectiveness of vaccines,“ said Czech Health Minister Vlastimil Válek. “Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infectious diseases. Since the start of the war, Ukraine has faced widespread disruption to healthcare services, including childhood and COVID-19 immunization programmes. The Czech Republic welcomed 140,000 Ukrainian refugee children this year. We need to make sure they all have access to basic health services, including vaccination. UNICEF is pleased to play a key role, alongside the Ministry of Health, in improving vaccination coverage and build trust in vaccines through the provision of information in Ukrainian ,” said Yulia Oleinik, Head of UNICEF Refugee Response Office in the Czech Republic. UNICEF is supporting the Ministry of Health with campaign content and microsite, and ensuring a wide reach of campaign messages. The microsite will provide useful and verfied information such as history of immunisation, data, practical tips and recommendations for preventing and treating diseases, as well as a map of vaccination sites across the country. The microsite will go live in December, while a Ukrainian language helpline is already accessible by dialling  +420226201221. 1 UNICEF
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17 Январь 2023
UNICEF Emergency Response Office in Slovakia
https://www.unicef.org/eca/unicef-emergency-response-office-slovakia
Context Although Slovakia grants “urgent and necessary health services” for Ukrainian citizens registered for Temporary Protection, many Ukrainians face challenges in accessing support. What is “urgent and necessary," however, is often left to the judgment of individual doctors, creating a situation in which quality of health care received by refugees can vary significantly. Ukrainian children tend to have significantly lower vaccination rates compared to Slovaks and front-line health workers are not trained to deal with vaccine hesitancy. The key challenge in the mid-long term is the management of chronic diseases, control and management of infectious and communicable disease, and provision of specialized mental health services and psychological support. In addition, there is a shortage of doctors, particularly pediatricians and nurses, with some regions being underserved even before the crisis. Under the existing legislation, Ukrainian health workers can provide services only under the direct supervision of a senior Slovak health worker, due to the shorter academic curriculum and mandated training required for doctors in Ukraine. UNI396419 UNI396419 UNI396419 UNI396419     UNICEF’s Response Support to recognition of qualifications of Ukrainian health workers is one of four areas of cooperation between UNICEF and the Ministry of Health, in addition to immunization and early childhood development, specialized mental health support, as well as health promotion and health education, including through parenting programmes. In collaboration with the Regional Health Authority in Bratislava, UNICEF supports the provision of primary healthcare services in the Bratislava region, hosting over 30,000 refugees, including more than 12,000 children. Services are provided by two general practitioners, two pediatricians, one gynecologist, and one psychiatrist under the supervision of a senior Slovak doctor. Pediatricians and breastfeeding counselors are integrated into the Blue Dots in Bratislava, Košice and Michalovce. UNI396390 UNI396390 UNI396390 UNI396390   Since 15 July 2022, primary healthcare services have been provided to over 43,000 children and women through UNICEF-supported mechanisms, including consultations for mental health, referrals to higher levels of care, and vaccination of children against measles, polio, and so on.
Press release
15 Декабрь 2022
More than 450,000 children and families supported through continued service delivery during COVID-19 pandemic
https://www.unicef.org/eca/press-releases/more-450000-children-and-families-supported-through-continued-service-delivery
Brussels/Geneva, 15 December 2022 – UNICEF and the European Commission Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations today marked the conclusion of the two-year programme “Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on the most vulnerable children and families in the Western Balkans and Turkey” during a closing online event. Key benefits of the EU-UNICEF programme reached more than 450,000 families and children in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo * , Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Türkiye. “ Childhood and growing up in the time of COVID-19 was put on hold while governments around the world looked for the ways to adapt policies and services in the context of the biggest health crisis in this century,” said UNICEF Europe and Central Asia Deputy Regional Director Philippe Cori. “Thanks to the support of the EU, UNICEF worked with partners in the Western Balkans and T ürkiye to minimize the impact of this crisis on the most vulnerable children and families and to position children’s needs at the forefront of policy decision making.” The programme demonstrated the benefits of investment in the continuation and adaptation of essential services for families and children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the countries of the region benefitted from research and evidence gathering for improved policy making and systems strengthening through capacity building of professionals in the areas of health, child protection, education and early childhood development. Key results are policies, systems and services that can withstand future health crises.  “ The EU places a very strong importance on the development of human capital. Now is the time to draw lessons from the tough circumstances of the last few years and ensure that real reform of the social systems is undertaken at the national level throughout the region ,” said Hillen Francke, Head of Sector for Western Balkans Regional Programmes, Directorate General for European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations.   Families and children in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia were supported through: Continuation of health services, including immunization, protection of breastfeeding and home visiting programmes  Support for mental health of children and adolescents through children’s helplines (programme was also implemented in Türkiye) Improved mechanism for reporting and referral of children at risk of violence or in need of additional support Implementation of inclusive and contemporary education approaches that utilize digital technologies in teaching and learning Enhanced early childhood development services, including parental support through parenting application that reached more than 70,000 parents in Albania, Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Serbia with quality advice on health, caregiving, nutrition, early learning and child development UNICEF and the European Commission Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations launched this two-year,  €5.25 million programme (€ 5 million EU contribution), to strengthen national health, education, early childhood development, and child protection systems to ensure continuity in the provision of core services for vulnerable children and their families in the immediate and the longer-term recovery response to COVID-19. The initiative has been implemented in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Türkiye, and has reached more than 450,000 children and families. More information about the programme and its results can be found here * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence Blocks image UNICEF image UNICEF
Blog post
19 Май 2021
Frontline social workers provide vital support to improve health
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/frontline-social-workers-provide-vital-support-improve-health
Yura has been a social worker for many years. “When I started working in social services, I was mainly interested in family therapy,” she says . “In time, I found out that supporting communities to become resilient and self-reliant is an extremely rewarding experience.” A year ago, she joined the Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria (CRWB) – a civil society organization created in 2003 to support the integration of refugees and migrants. “Guiding through people from refugee and migrant backgrounds on health-related procedures in their host country is a way to empower them to find solutions to health issues,” explains Yura. And this is particularly vital for those fleeing from armed conflicts and humanitarian crises. As they search for safety and better life opportunities, both adults and children go through many traumatic experiences as a result of often prolonged stays in refugee camps, limited access to health care, and the dangers they face as they travel through volatile areas. By the time they finally reach a safe destination, they are often in very bad physical and psychological shape. “In Bulgaria, refugee children arrive with their parents or – in some cases – unaccompanied. Psychological problems, infectious diseases, medically unobserved pregnancies and, in particular, a lack of immunization, are common problems that have a negative impact on their health and wellbeing.” Radostina Belcheva, Project Coordinator and Deputy-Chair of CRWB The CRWB partners with UNICEF Bulgaria to provide general health checks and referrals, as well as life-saving vaccines in line with children’s immunization schedules, and equips parents with information on health risks, entitlements and how to access medical services. “As part of the ‘Strengthening Refugee and Migrant Children’s Health Status in Southern and South-Eastern Europe’ (RM Child-Health) project co-funded by the European Union’s Health Programme, we work with our partners to ensure that children can follow immunization plans and that their vaccination status is updated in their immunization documents. These are crucial steps in ensuring good health . ” Diana Yovcheva, Programme Officer with UNICEF Bulgaria Working directly with refugees, Yura consults families that want to access health services. “Some cases are easier than others”, she says, recalling a consultation with Ahmed*, a 45-year-old father of six children, who fled Syria in 2020 and received humanitarian status in Bulgaria. A chef by profession, Ahmed settled quite well in the host country, found a job in a restaurant and, after some time, managed to reunite with his wife, his four sons and two daughters. “Ahmed was referred to the CRWB by friends and he came in for a consultation on the immunization process with his youngest baby girl, Yasmina, only one year old” explains Yura. During their meeting, the social worker provided information about the health system in Bulgaria, the role of a general practitioner, and how people with refugee status can access medical services including vaccinations for their children. Although Ahmed’s baby girl had been vaccinated before her arrival in Bulgaria and had an immunization passport, the father urgently needed to update her vaccination status to synchronize her vaccinations with the recommendations of the national immunization calendar. “I contacted the Regional Health Inspectorate and helped Ahmed to provide the necessary documents and find a translator, as the documents were in Turkish”, says Yura. Subsequently, she helped Ahmed schedule an appointment with a medical doctor and Yasmina received her next vaccine. Parents often lack the necessary vaccination documents. According to Yura, “Sometimes children have not had any vaccinations, or they have been vaccinated in their country of origin, but their immunization cards have been lost or destroyed.”    Such cases require additional consultations, research and coordination, as well as testing for antibodies and immune responses when it is not clear whether the child has been vaccinated. “By empowering parents to familiarize themselves with the immunization plans and procedures we help them become proactive in following up on their children’s health." Yura, Social worker To address the COVID-19 restrictions and keep active communication with refugees and migrants, the CRWB and UNICEF developed leaflets in Bulgarian, Arabic and Farsi with details about the health system in Bulgaria and the importance of vaccinations, and regularly provide health-related information via social media. “The role of communication in immunization is essential.  Our frontline staff interact on a daily basis with beneficiaries, but we have also used other means [such as a Facebook group dedicated to health-related topics] to keep the information flow going, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic . ” Radostina Belcheva, Project Coordinator and Deputy-Chair of CRWB Logo - Strengthening Refugee and Migrant Children’s Health Status in Southern and South Eastern Europe This story is part of the Project Strengthening Refugee and Migrant Children’s Health Status in Southern and South Eastern Europe, co-funded by the Health Programme of the European Union (the ‘RM Child-Health’ initiative). The content of this story represents the views of the author only and is her sole responsibility; it cannot be considered to reflect the views of the European Commission and/or the European Health and Digital Executive Agency or any other body of the European Union. The European Commission and the Agency do not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains .
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04 Октябрь 2022
UNICEF Emergency Response Office in Poland
https://www.unicef.org/eca/poland
The situation  Of the 1.2 million Ukrainian refugees registered by the Polish government, around 90 per cent are women and children. This mother-and-child displacement crisis is exerting extraordinary pressure on Poland’s public services, especially in healthcare given the specific needs of mothers, children and newborns. It’s vital those who’ve fled this brutal war have access to health care, including immunizations, advice on feeding their babies and young children, and mental health and psychosocial support. Low immunization rates in Ukraine mean that refugees are at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. Before the war Ukraine was already at a high risk of a polio outbreak, with only 55 per cent of Ukrainian children vaccinated against the disease. Meanwhile, low coverage of the measles vaccination, currently at 78 per cent, led to Ukraine having 47,000 measles cases in 2018, the largest outbreak in Europe. Children should be protected from vaccine preventable diseases no matter where they live. UNICEF/UN0705564/Strek UN0705564 UNICEF/UN0705564/Strek UN0705564   In emergencies, supporting the survival and development of children, especially newborns, becomes more challenging. More than 2,500 Ukrainian newborns have been delivered in Polish hospitals since the beginning of the crisis and they are a particularly at-risk group. Exclusive breastfeeding can prevent nearly 20 per cent of under-five child deaths, however less than 20 per cent of Ukrainian infants aged 0 to 5 months are exclusively breastfed. Those exposed to conflict, especially children, can suffer severe psychological consequences. Not addressing mental health issues can stall a child’s development and stop them participating meaningfully in society. Mental health and psychological support is therefore vital to help families heal from their invisible wounds of war.   “Our husbands stayed behind. Our children are nervous; they shake and are scared because of what they have seen and heard. Children should never see such things. They should never be in a war.” Alona from Mykolaiv, Ukraine. Mother now in Łodz, Poland with her children.   The solution  UNICEF’s Emergency Response Office in Poland is focused on preventing disease outbreaks, helping refugees gain access to health care and promoting exclusive breastfeeding.   Vaccinations are essential to protecting both Ukrainian and Polish children and families against preventable diseases. UNICEF is promoting the safety of immunization and its importance to children’s health in Poland and ensuring there are sufficient supplies of critical vaccinations. So far, UNICEF has procured 50,000 polio and 5,000 Hepatitis A vaccines, as well as 50,000 syringes to support vaccination campaigns. We're currently sourcing extra doses of BCG, Hepatitis B and MMR vaccines.   “I believe that vaccination is important for children, for the entire population of the country. I think even during the war, we shouldn’t stop, because dangerous diseases are still nearby.” Kateryna, mother of two from Kiyv region, now living in Poland. Safe water and sanitation is also crucial to preventing diseases like diarrhoea and cholera, which can be deadly. Since the early days of the crisis, UNICEF has been distributing WASH and dignity kits, which include basics like soap, and water containers. We're also partnering with the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health on disease surveillance so we can respond immediately to prevent outbreaks. UNICEF/UN0647603/Korta UN0647603 UNICEF/UN0647603/Korta UN0647603   Linking refugees to health care is another priority and we're working hard to provide families with both the information they need as well as access to appropriate services. We're particularly focused on reaching children with disabilities and mothers and children in need of mental health support. We’re also providing health kits with essential medicines and medical devices to Polish clinics, to help ensure they have enough supplies to treat the large numbers of new patients.  Finally, we’re encouraging mothers to exclusively breastfeed and sharing knowledge on how best to feed their babies and young children as they adapt to life in a new country. Trainings on exclusive breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding are being rolled out to 500 health workers in hospitals and 120 staff working in Blue Dot support hubs and we’re establishing lactation groups in 10 maternity wards. UNICEF will also partner with the Ministry of Health to control the distribution of formula to make sure it is safe for babies.
Article
13 Май 2021
Mainstreaming what works: EU and UNICEF strengthen health capacity for refugee and migrant children
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/mainstreaming-what-works-eu-and-unicef-strengthen-health-capacity-refugee-and-migrant
“Very often we have the feeling that this space functions as a container for the absorption of negative emotions of the people who visit us. People who come here often feel safe enough to share their fears, their frustrations and even their darker thoughts. We try to give them space to express their feelings and we always find ways to boost their morale.”  A Coordinator from METAdrasi on the importance of the Mother and Child Space for refugee and migrant At the ADRA community centre for migrant mothers and babies, Belgrade, Serbia At the ADRA community centre for migrant mothers and babies, Belgrade, Serbia The ‘RM Child-Health’ initiative has worked with UNICEF and its partners over the past year to strengthen national health systems in five European countries so they can meet the needs of refugee and migrant children. The initiative recognizes that a strong health system delivers for every vulnerable child. It is also a system that looks beyond physical health care to address mental and emotional wellbeing and wider issues, such as gender-based violence. Strong health systems are vital to ease the bottlenecks that confront refugee and migrant families when they try to access health care. All too often, their attempts to claim their right to health services are hampered by language barriers, bureaucracy and discrimination. In Bulgaria, for example, where national immunization rates are already below the European average, refugee and migrant children are three times less likely to be vaccinated than other children. The challenges  Refugee and migrant children often have complex health needs, which may go far beyond poor physical health. Migration has a negative impact, for example, on their mental health and psychosocial wellbeing. And that impact is intensified by poor living conditions, a lack of supportive social networks and social integration and, all too often, hostility from host communities. Many parents and caregivers, faced with barriers to health care and other basic services, as well as a lack of control over their own destiny, face real distress, and this can undermine their ability to meet the physical and emotional needs of their children at a critical point in their development. Gender-based violence (GBV) is another – and particularly harsh – challenge that affects many refugee and migrant children and young people. A chronic lack of child-friendly health information and durable solutions has heightened the risks of GBV, sexually transmitted diseases and early pregnancies, and the devastating consequences of all three for mental health. The response 
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