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Article
27 Сентябрь 2018
Astana Global Conference on Primary Health Care
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/astana-global-conference-primary-health-care
What is the Astana Global Conference? On 25-26 October 2018, world leaders, government ministers, development partners, civil society and young people will meet in Astana for the Global Conference on Primary Health Care, jointly hosted by the Government of Kazakhstan, UNICEF and WHO. Participants will renew their commitment to primary health care as the means of achieving universal health coverage, SDG3 and other SDG goals to which health is a contributing factor. The Conference will mark 40 years since the first Global Conference on Primary Health Care, held in 1978 in Almaty (then Alma-Ata), Kazakhstan. The Declaration of Alma-Ata endorsed at that conference was a seminal document that founded a movement and advocacy for primary health care. The 2018 Conference will endorse a new Declaration of Astana which emphasizes the critical role of primary health care in promoting good health, social and economic development and global security. It aims to refocus efforts to ensure that everyone everywhere can enjoy their right to the highest standard of health. What is primary health care? Primary health care is an approach to designing and delivering frontline health services that lays a foundation for achieving universal health coverage. Universal health coverage is one of the targets of the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG3): Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Primary health care includes three core elements: Affordable and accessible health services, including quality primary care, and essential public health functions that promote health and well-being, prevent illness and protect populations against outbreaks of disease. Empowered people and engaged communities, to whom health services are accountable, and who are also responsible for their own health. Inputs (policies, actions, resources) from all sectors that influence health and well-being, ranging from agriculture, manufacturing, education, water, sanitation and hygiene, transport and the media etc. A one-year-old girl is administered her first dose of the mumps, measles and rubella (MMR) vaccine at a clinic in Kyiv, Ukraine. A one-year-old girl is administered her first dose of the mumps, measles and rubella (MMR) vaccine at a clinic in Kyiv, Ukraine. How does primary health care contribute to universal health care? Universal health care is based on the principle that all individuals and communities should have access to quality essential health services without suffering financial hardship. Primary health care contributes to this by ensuring that health services are available, accessible and affordable – including services that prevent illness, cure disease and promote good health. How is UNICEF contributing to the event in Astana and to primary health care? UNICEF is working closely with WHO and the Government of Kazakhstan to support and prepare for the conference. All UNICEF offices are mobilizing government and civil society partners, and making sure the core elements of primary health care are prioritized in the allocation of funding and resources, and in follow up actions. UNICEF is coordinating a Youth Forum that will be held on the day prior to the main event to bring the voices of young people into the conference. UNICEF is also part of a core group of global and regional partners working to support primary health care at country and sub-national levels. The group, which includes UN agencies, donor governments, philanthropic foundations, multilateral agencies like the Global Fund, Gavi and others, is developing a set of operating principles that will prioritize the three core elements described above, and ensure primary health care remains in place after their support has ended. This will be reflected in UNICEF’s own programmes with governments and partners. Ahead of the Global Primary Health Care Conference in Astana, 25-56 October, UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta H. Fore shares the path to achieving “Health for all” – the vision of the SDGs. In her address, UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta H. Fore, highlights the importance of investing in the quality of primary health services and extending their reach to ensure access for the most vulnerable and underprivileged communities. #PrimaryHealthCare #HealthForAll #Astana2018 Success stories: How primary health care helps families and children In remote Kyrgyzstan simple solutions save newborn lives How visiting nurses help prevent child deaths in Kazakhstan Fathers in Turkmenistan carve out their immediate and long-term parenting roles Investing in better care during baby’s first days is saving lives in Kyrgyzstan Saving newborn lives in remote mountainous areas of Kyrgyzstan   “In Focus” reports: A healthy start in life for every child Immunization   More information about the Astana Global Conference WHO Global Conference on Primary Health Care website The Declaration of Alma-Ata Provisional conference programme
Article
03 Август 2021
"During crisis we realized, health is the most important thing."
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/during-crisis-we-realized-health-most-important-thing
For thousands of pregnant women in Kazakhstan, pregnancy coincided with the pandemic and the introduction of quarantine measures, which can vary from week to week. UNICEF estimates that around 116,000,000 children will be born worldwide during the pandemic.1 During the pandemic, 498,367 children were born in Kazakhstan (March 2020 - April 2021)2. From the very first months of pregnancy, a woman's life changes dramatically, and quarantine, self-isolation and additional precautions can limit access to medical services or add stress to women in labor. Aigerim is 40 years old; during the pandemic she was pregnant with her fifth child. Aigerim wanted to plan the birth the following year, but in early September 2020, she found out that she was expecting a baby. From the first days of pregnancy, Aigerim was registered at the district polyclinic at her place of residence in Nur-Sultan. 2021_Newborn_Family_Karaganda Aigerim with her newborn son ”I had constant access and contact with gynecologists and midwives. I got all my tests on time and I went to my routine check-ups," she says. Until the seventh month of pregnancy, Aigerim and her family lived in Nur-Sultan, and then moved to Karaganda, where she was transferred to the city polyclinic No. 1. Aigerim planned to give birth at her place of residence in the Karaganda Regional Perinatal Center. She didn't need to take a PCR test before giving birth. When frequent contractions occur or amniotic fluid is released, the woman in labour will have to call an ambulance or go to the hospital on her own. The PCR test will already be taken at perinatal centers. ”I was told that if a woman has any symptoms, she is taken to a separate quarantine zone. If not, then she gives birth and waits for the test results, " says Aigerim. The quarantine zone is a separate ward where a woman will give birth alone and will not have contact with other women in labor. If doctors do not detect COVID-19, then the woman in labor goes to the general ward. According to UNFPA Kazakhstan , in the event of a confirmed infection or suspected infection with COVID-19, health care workers should take appropriate precautions to reduce the risk of their own infection and that of others, including by wearing protective clothing. Aigerim herself had COVID-19 in June 2020, three months before the start of pregnancy, but did not feel any significant changes in her health or the possibility of becoming pregnant. According to Aigerim, this pregnancy went the same way as the previous ones, and she hardly noticed any changes in the situation and the new reality of quarantine measures. 2021_Newborn_Family_Karaganda Aigerim with her children The only difference Aigerim observed is in the work schedule and the timetable of the clinics. In the past, pregnant women had to wait 2-3 hours in a queue at the polyclinics; now, the reception is conducted strictly by appointment and there are no queues in the corridors. “I guess I was doing so well because I was prioritizing my health. It is very important for a woman," she says. "In the current time of crisis, we all realized that the most important thing is health and only a strong immune system can cope with the virus." Aigerim, being a nutritionist, always carefully monitors her well-being, so she did not worry about the upcoming birth. ”I had no concerns about my health, " says Aigerim. "I’m constantly checking my thyroid, haemoglobin, taking vitamins and eating right". In addition to maintaining immune function, Aigerim followed the necessary precautions to avoid contracting the virus. She avoided public places, shopping centres and other crowded places, and washed her hands frequently and thoroughly throughout the day. 2021_Newborn_Family_Karaganda Aigerim and her children reading a book Due to the pandemic, she was forced to go for walks only on the streets or in parks, in order to have minimal contact with passers-by. And masks and sanitizers have already become essential items when leaving the house. Aigerim already had four children. Her fifth pregnancy was going well, and in April she gave birth to a baby boy. "The birth went well. I am very happy and glad that my child was born healthy. I finally have him in my arms” " says Aigerim. Aigerim was discharged two days later, and her recovery is proceeding calmly and with her family. “I would also like to thank the doctors in the polyclinics. Despite the introduction of quarantine measures, they handled stressful situations perfectly and dealt with issues quickly, correctly and in a timely manner,” says Aigerim. Cooperation with the European Union allowed UNICEF to support the healthcare system of Kazakhstan during the COVID-19 pandemic by equipping it with the medicines and diagnostic devices necessary to effectively combat the coronavirus.   Funded by the European Union Humanitarian Aid. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. European Union cannot be held responsible for them.
Article
30 Ноябрь 2018
HIV-positive… and fearless
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/hiv-positive%E2%80%A6-and-fearless
During the first TEDxYouth event organized on 17 November in Kazakhstan, Baurzhan, age 13, and his mother Aliya spoke about living openly with HIV.  This is his story. Standing before more than 100 people, Aliya asks if anyone in the audience remembers the incident in 2006 when 149 children in southern Kazakhstan were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at a local hospital. A few hands go up.  Hesitantly. “Not too many,” sighs Aliya. “That’s 149 families facing profound pain, shock, complete lack of support and understanding.” Indeed, when the news first broke at the time, there was very little by way of public understanding and sympathy.  On the contrary, the families affected have spoken about the pervasive rumors – including one suggesting that a special area would be built to quarantine the families – that they had to endure.  Some families were even broken up.  The sense of isolation still persists for many. “In our society,” Aliya says, “HIV is still perceived to be a ‘plague’ of the 21 st century. These families and children are hiding.  They do not open up about their HIV status. These children are still invisible to society.” Then she adds, “They all live in great fear. All, but one.” A voice chimes in.  “I am one of those 149 children.  I am HIV-positive and today, I am the only teenager in Kazakhstan with HIV who is living openly,” says Baurzhan, age 13. Baurzhan and his mother at their home in Kazkhstan. Working towards acceptance Aliya’s son Baurzhan was just nine months old when she learned that the blood transfusion he had received for treatment was infected with HIV.  When he started going to school, Baurzhan understood that there were different kinds of viruses and one of them happened to be living in him.  He did not feel different, until teachers asked him not to play during recess or physical education class. “We realized that for school to be an understanding environment, we needed to organize training, raise awareness among teachers on the importance of tolerance towards children with such illnesses,” his mother says. The lanky teenager remembers crying in the school gym changing room after his classmate called him offensive names related to HIV.  “I was not ready to hear it.  It hurt a lot.” The incident made Aliya realize that students needed awareness training, too. She helped the school organize lessons on child rights and responsibilities explaining the universality of rights.  After the first session, the boy who had offended Baurzhan apologised for what he had said. “For 11 years, I have been taking medications every day to control the amount of virus in my blood. My immunity is 900 cells. Do you know that the immunity of a healthy person is 1200 cells? So, my immunity is that of a healthy teenager,” he says.  “My viral load is less than 50 copies. This means that I am just a carrier, but I cannot transmit the virus while I am taking medications.” Together with friends, Baurzhan created a self-help group called “Asian teens” where they share their experiences of living with HIV. “I want to support other kids who are living in fear because of their HIV status. I want to be a role model of living openly and without any fear.”  As Baurzhan says these words, the audience erupts in standing ovation. After the TEDx talk, Baurzhan and his mother said that many people approached him and asked if they could give him a hug. “I really liked the feeling of speaking in that room – it was filled with warmth, the audience showed that they cared”, he said. “My friends who are also living with HIV cannot wait to see my video, I think they will be surprised to see the positive reaction my story received.” Baurzhan with his sibling at the family home. Baurzhan with his sibling at the family home. HIV today and steps for the future Since the outbreak in 2006, the HIV/AIDS situation has changed. By 2010, UNICEF helped decrease the rate of HIV transmission from mother to child in south Kazakhstan, which at the time had the highest number of deliveries by HIV-positive women. At country level, joint efforts of the Ministry of Health and UNICEF led to dropping the HIV transmission rate from 10.9 per cent in 2007 to 1.8 percent in 2014. Kazakhstan is now submitting a request to be certified as a country that virtually eliminated mother-to-child HIV transmission. However, more work remains, says UNICEF Health and Nutrition Officer Kanat Sukhanberdiyev. “Globally, we still see that many children are dying from HIV/AIDS. We have a long way to go until children and adolescents with HIV receive the full package of healthcare and psychosocial support.” On this World AIDS Day, UNICEF is calling on the world to increase investments in HIV prevention, testing and treatment programmes.  Otherwise, by 2030, the lives of some 360,000 adolescents will be at risk of AIDS-related diseases. Find out more about UNICEF’s work on HIV in Kazakhstan.
Page
18 Июль 2019
Our goals for children
https://www.unicef.org/eca/where-we-work/our-goals-children
Half of all deaths among children under the age of five in the Region occur in the first month of life. 400,000 children under the age of one have not received the recommended three doses of DTP vaccine, and immunization rates are falling because of system failures and vaccine hesitancy. Less than 30 per cent of Roma children are fully immunized in parts of the Balkan countries. Only 32 per cent of babies in the Region are exclusively breastfed during their first six months of life – one of the lowest rates worldwide.
Page
02 Июль 2020
‘RM Child-Health’: safeguarding the health of refugee and migrant children in Europe
https://www.unicef.org/eca/rm-child-health-safeguarding-health-refugee-and-migrant-children-europe
More than 1.3 million children have made their way to Europe since 2014, fleeing conflict, persecution and poverty in their own countries. They include at least 225,000 children travelling alone – most of them teenage boys – as well as 500,000 children under the age of five. In 2019 alone, almost 32,000 children (8,000 of them unaccompanied or separated) reached Europe via the Mediterranean after perilous journeys from Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq and many parts of Africa – journeys that have threatened their lives and their health. Many have come from countries with broken health systems, travelling for months (even years) with no access to health care and facing the constant risks of violence and exploitation along the way. Many girls and boys arriving in Europe have missed out on life-saving immunization and have experienced serious distress or even mental health problems. They may be carrying the physical and emotional scars of violence, including sexual abuse. The health of infants and mothers who are pregnant or breastfeeding has been put at risk by a lack of pre- and post-natal health services and of support for child nutrition. Two girls wash a pot in the common washing area of the Reception and Identification Centre in Moria, on the island of Lesvos, in Greece. Two girls wash a pot in the common washing area of the Reception and Identification Centre in Moria, on the island of Lesvos, in Greece. Child refugees and migrants also face an increased health risk as a result of crowded and unhygienic living conditions during their journeys and at their destinations. Even upon their arrival in Europe, refugee and migrant children and families often face continued barriers to their health care, such as cultural issues, bureaucracy, and a lack of information in their own language. Southern and South East European countries are at the heart of this challenge, struggling to meet the immediate needs of vulnerable refugee and migrant children. And now, an already serious problem is being exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Refugee checks on his son
Article
08 Апрель 2021
Navigating pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/navigating-pregnancy-during-covid-19-pandemic
Many expectant mothers are fearful of going to appointments while they are taking precautions, such as staying home and practicing physical distancing when outside. “You do see a lot of adaptation happening at the moment in the world where midwives are doing clinics or certain appointments by phone, so that the actual looking at the baby and the growth of the baby appointment can be short,” says Cadée. “I expect that pregnant women will find they’re seeing their healthcare professional less, to protect them and the healthcare professional from getting infected and that they will be seen live when it’s necessary.” Modifications may also be tailored for individual patients depending on their respective conditions, for example lower vs. higher-risk pregnancies. Cadée advises mothers to find out what options are available to them from their healthcare professional and in their communities. “The person who’s taking care of you is perfectly geared to you and your own needs, so your midwife or obstetrician will know best.” After your child is born, it is also important to continue receiving professional support and guidance, including routine immunizations. Speak to your healthcare provider about the safest way to have these appointments, for you and your baby. >>  How to get routine childhood vaccinations during COVID-19  
Report
04 Июль 2019
Supporting male refugees and migrants who survive or are at risk of sexual violence
https://www.unicef.org/eca/reports/supporting-male-refugees-and-migrants-who-survive-or-are-risk-sexual-violence
Every year, tens of thousands of young refugees and migrants travel through some of the world’s most dangerous migration routes to reach Europe. During their journey and even after they finally arrive, they are vulnerable to violence, including sexual violence. Sexual violence includes rape, unwanted touching, or being forced to watch someone else…, Includes any sexual contact WITHOUT CONSENT Can happen to ANYONE Is NEVER the victim/survivors fault Is NEVER justified HELP is available (see Q&A12) Sexual violence includes rape, injury to or unwanted touching of the private parts, being forced to have sex with someone, being forced to watch someone else being sexually violated, being forced…
Report
06 Апрель 2021
Supporting survivors of violence in Europe: a training curriculum
https://www.unicef.org/eca/reports/supporting-survivors-violence-europe-training-curriculum
Refugees and migrants around the world face serious risks of violence, including sexual violence, exploitation and abuse. This is particularly true for women and girls whose migration experience is often characterized by gender-based violence (GBV). Men and boys are also targeted for violence including sexual violence. Despite extensive exposure…, SUPPORTING SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE The role of linguistic and cultural mediators A TRAINING CURRICULUM With a focus on gender-based violence and sexual violence against men and boys SUPPORTING SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE: THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL MEDIATORS Acknowledgements This curriculum is a product of the Womens Refugee Commissions (WRCs)…

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