Glossary: D -- G

Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)

Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are nationally-representative household surveys with large sample sizes (usually between 5,000 and 30,000 households). The DHS provides data for a wide range of monitoring and impact evaluation indicators in the areas of population, health, and nutrition. A DHS is typically conducted every 5 years to allow comparisons over time. Use of a standardised core questionnaire allows for comparisons across different countries. Special modules can also be added to questionnaires in order to meet host-country and USAID data needs. The standard DHS consists of a household questionnaire and a women’s questionnaire. A nationally representative sample of women aged 15-49 is interviewed. Türkçe See also Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS)

DevInfoTürk

A Turkish version of the UN DevInfo system, which is used to monitor progress on the MDGs — DevInfoTürk — has been developed within Children First to monitor the 25QLI. Turkstat have also produced a manual setting out the exact definition, means of calculation and source of data for each indicator. The system will be rolled out nationwide in the first quarter of 2008 with regional training sessions on its implementation and use. The long term vision for the DevInfoTürk system is to strengthen data assimilation, monitoring, planning and advocacy on all matters concerning the health and well–being of children throughout Turkey. Türkçe

Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus Vaccine (DPT)

A vaccination administered to infants for protection against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. Vaccinations are typically administered in three doses at 2, 4, 6 months. A booster shot is recommended at 15 months and again anywhere between 4-6 years of age. Türkçe

Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD)

Focusing on the first 7-8 years of life, Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) comprises all the supports necessary for the child to survive and thrive. ECCD also supports both the family and the community’s need to promote children’s healthy development. Integrating health, nutrition and intellectual stimulation, ECCD provides the social and emotional care a child needs in order to realise her/his potential to play an active role within the family and the community. Türkçe

Education For All (EFA)

Education for All (EFA) is an international commitment first launched in Jomtien, Thailand in 1990 to bring the benefits of education to every citizen in every society. Partners comprised a broad coalition of national governments,NGOs, and development agencies such as UNESCO and the World Bank. In the face of slow progress over the decade, the commitment was reaffirmed at the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, in April 2000 and then again in September 2000, when 189 countries and their partners adopted two of the EFA goals among the eight MDGs to be achieved by 2015. Türkçe

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a simple and highly sensitive method of analysis that allows for simultanous and rapid quantification of a large number of samples. The antigen-antibody complex is detected and measured with the aid of an enzyme-labelled antibody or antigen. Upon addition of a non-coloured reagent, the enzyme produces a colour reaction indicating the concentration of analyte in the sample. Türkçe

European Union, The (EU)

The Association Agreement between Turkey and the European Union (EU) in 1963 foresaw the possibility of Turkey becoming a member of the Union, and in 1989 it applied to join. The Helsinki European Council in 1999 granted Turkey the status of applicant for membership in the EU, and encouraged it to undertake the necessary political and economic reforms. For this purpose, the EU recently adopted an ‘Accession Partnership’ with Turkey, mapping out the short and medium-term priorities for it to fulfil the accession criteria. This encourages Turkey to carry out major reforms of its political system to become a stable democracy respecting human rights and minorities, in line with the accession criteria. Türkçe

Expanded Programme on Immunisation, The (EPI)

The expanded programme on immunisation -- a global initiative of WHO -- began in 1974. It was called ‘expanded’ because polio and measles vaccines were added to BCG and DPT vaccines and also because the proportion of children in developing countries who were immunised was substantially increased from less than 5%. Türkçe

Family and Child Training Programme (FACT)

The Family and Child Training Programme (FACT) is an important element of the ECD programme. By focusing on the family unit, FACT promotes a holistic approach to the physical, social, emotional and cognitive development of children whilst supporting an inter-sectoral approach to the provision of childcare services. Türkçe

FIFA/UNICEF Alliance, The

UNICEF and the Fédération Internationale de Football (FIFA) launched the FIFA/UNICEF Alliance with a ceremony at the United Nations in New York on 20 November, 2001. The Alliance aims to promote and protect the right of all children to healthy recreation and quality primary education. For the first time ever, the World Cup was dedicated to a humanitarian cause, when the Say Yes for Children banner was unfurled at all games. In 1999, FIFA and UNICEF launched the ‘Pure hope, Pure football’ campaign emphasising the rights of children. Türkçe

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the value of all final goods and services produced in a country in one year. GDP can be measured by adding up all of an economy’s incomes -- wages, interest, profits or expenditures -- consumption, investment, government purchases and net exports (exports minus imports). Türkçe

Global Movement for Children, The (GMFC)

The Global Movement for Children (GMFC) was initiated by six leading organisations: the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee; the Netaid.org Foundation; PLAN International; Save the Children; UNICEF and World Vision, a coalition of individuals and organisations who are committed to raising awareness of the issues facing our children and to demand accountability and action for children. Türkçe

Gross National Income (GNI)

GNI or Gross National Income is the value (in US dollars) of a country’s final output of goods and services in a year. The value of GNI can be calculated by adding up the amount of money spent on a country’s final output of goods and services, or by totaling the income of all citizens of a country including the income from factors of production used abroad. GNI was formerly referred to as Gross National Product (GNP). Türkçe

Gender Parity Index (GPI)

The ratio of female-to-male value of a given indicator. A GPI of 1 indicates parity between sexes; a GPI that varies between 0 and 1 means a disparity in favour of boys; a GPI greater than 1 indicates a disparity in favour of girls. Türkçe

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