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The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)

The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the world’s most-ratified human rights treaty. It has been signed by every country in the world, except Somalia and the United States.

Ratified by Thailand in 1992, the Convention details the fundamental rights that all nations must guarantee for their children. These include children’s rights:

• to survival – to basic healthcare, peace and security;

• to development – to a good education, a loving home and adequate nutrition;

• to protection – from abuse, neglect, trafficking, child labour and other forms of exploitation; and

• to participation – to express opinions, be listened to and take part in making any decisions that affect them.

Every five years, each country must provide a progress report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child. This Committee is based in Geneva and monitors each country’s efforts to guarantee the rights laid out in the Convention.

After considering Thailand’s latest report, delivered in 2005, the Committee noted many successes in setting up legislation and state structures for the protection of children and their rights. But the Committee also highlighted a number of areas of concern, including:

• domestic and international legislation;

• enforcement of legislation;

• monitoring and data collection;

• ensuring access to basic services for the most vulnerable, including minority children; refugees; asylum seekers; migrant children; street children; children in poverty; children in isolated, rural and poor areas; children in conflict with the law; and children who have been trafficked or otherwise abused; and

• ensuring equality between regions and groups in Thailand.

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