The State of the World's Children 1998: Focus on Nutrition

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Table 7 (cont.)

Women (Regional Summaries)
Countries in each region Life expectancy of females as a % of males 1996 Adult literacy rate females as a % of males 1995 Enrolment ratios females as a % of males 1990-95 Contraceptive prevelance (%)1990-97 % of pregnant women immunized against tetanus 1995-96 % of births attended by trained health personnel 1990-96 Maternal mortaility rate 1990
primary school secondary school
Sub-Saharan Africa 106 71 82 80 15 38 37 980
Middle East and North Africa 104 67 86 82 46 57 62 320
South Asia 101 57 77 63 38 71 29 610
East Asia and Pacific 105 84 97 88 74 35 75 210
Latin America and Caribbean 109 97 97 109 64 58 78 190
CEE/CIS and Baltic States 113 97 98 98 64 - 90 85
Industrialized countries 109 98 100 101 72 - 99 13
Developing countries 104 78 88 81 54 51 53 470
Least developed countries 104 63 79 59 19 48 29 1100
World 105 81 90 86 57 51 57 430

Definitions of the indicators Main data sources
Life expectancy at birth -The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross-section of population at the time of their birth.
Adult literacy rate - Percentage of persons aged 15 and over who can read and write.
Primary or secondary enrolment ratios - The number of children enrolled in a schooling level (primary or secondary), regardless of age, divided by the population of the age group which officially corresponds to that level.
Contraceptive prevalence - Percentage of married women aged 15-49 years currently using contraception.
Births attended - Percentage of births attended by physicians, nurses, midwives, or primary health care workers trained in midwifery skills.
Maternal mortality rate - Annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births. Several of the maternal mortality rates in table 7 are substantially different from official government estimates. These and other rates are being reviewed by WHO and UNICEF and will be revised where necessary, as part of the ongoing process of improving maternal mortality estimates.

Life expectancy - United Nations Population Division.
Adult literacy - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
School enrolment - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and Demographic and Health Surveys.
Immunization - World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).
Contraceptive prevalence - United Nations Population Division and Demographic and Health Surveys.
Births attended - World Health Organization (WHO).
Maternal mortality - World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.
Notes
- Data not available.
x Indicates data that refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading, differ from the standard definition, or refer to only part of a country.

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