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Threats to Childhood
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Countries reducing their under-five mortality rate by an average annual rate of less than 1% |
Poverty
GNI per capita (US$) 2003 |
Major armed conflict at some time during 1990–2003 |
HIV/AIDS
Adult (15–49 years) prevalence rate 2003 |
| 1 Afghanistan | 250† | • | no data |
| 2 Angola | 740 | • | 3.9 |
| 3 Azerbaijan | 810 | • | <0.1 |
| 4 Belarus | 1590 | | no data |
| 5 Botswana | 3430 | | 37.3 |
| 6 Bulgaria | 2130 | | <0.1 |
| 7 Burkina Faso | 300 | | 4.2 |
| 8 Burundi | 100 | • | 6.0 |
| 9 Cambodia | 310 | • | 2.6 |
| 10 Cameroon | 640 | | 6.9 |
| 11 Central African Rep. | 260 | | 13.5 |
| 12 Chad | 250 | • | 4.8 |
| 13 Congo | 640 | • | 4.9 |
| 14 Congo, Dem. Rep. | 100 | • | 4.2 |
| 15 Côte d’Ivoire | 660 | | 7.0 |
| 16 Gabon | 3580* | | 8.1 |
| 17 Georgia | 830* | • | 0.1 |
| 18 Iraq | 2170† | • | <0.1 |
| 19 Jamaica | 2760* | | 1.2 |
| 20 Kazakhstan | 1780 | | 0.2 |
| 21 Kenya | 390 | | 6.7 |
| 22 Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. of | 765 | | no data |
| 23 Latvia | 4070 | | 0.6 |
| 24 Liberia | 130 | • | 5.9 |
| 25 Mauritania | 430 | | 0.6 |
| 26 Nigeria | 320 | | 5.4 |
| 27 Papua New Guinea | 510 | | 0.6 |
| 28 Russian Federation | 2610* | | 1.1 |
| 29 Rwanda | 220 | • | 5.1 |
| 30 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 3300 | | no data |
| 31 Sao Tome and Principe | 320 | | no data |
| 32 Senegal | 550 | | 0.8 |
| 33 Sierra Leone | 150 | • | no data |
| 34 Somalia | 130† | • | no data |
| 35 South Africa | 2780 | | 21.5 |
| 36 Swaziland | 1350 | | 38.8 |
| 37 Tajikistan | 190 | • | <0.1 |
| 38 Tanzania, United Rep. of | 290 | | 8.8 |
| 39 Togo | 310 | | 4.1 |
| 40 Turkmenistan | 1120* | | <0.1 |
| 41 Tuvalu | no data | | no data |
| 42 Ukraine | 970* | | 1.4 |
| 43 Uzbekistan | 420 | | 0.1 |
| 44 Zambia | 380 | | 16.5 |
| 45 Zimbabwe | 480† | | 24.6 |
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Progress towards MDG 4
Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4) calls on countries to reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.
Of the 98 countries that are ‘off track’ to meet the goal, 45 are ‘seriously off track’: reducing their under-five mortality rate by an average annual rate of less than 1%. The vast majority of these suffer from one or more of the three major threats to childhood: high rates of poverty, conflict or HIV/AIDS.
MDG 4: The goal implies a 4.4% target average annual rate of reduction.
Threats to childhood for the purposes of this map:
Poverty – $765 or less GNI per capita in 2003, or stagnant or negative GDP per capita average annual growth rate, 1990–2003.
Conflict – Major armed conflict at some time during 1990–2003. Note: Data from SIPRI/Uppsala Conflict Data Project except for the Russian Federation. The United Nations has stated that the situation in the Republic of Chechnya is not an armed conflict within the meaning of the Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols thereto (ref: United Nations General Assembly/Security Council Corrigendum A/58/546/Corr.2-S/2003/1053/Corr.2).
HIV/AIDS – Adult (15–49 years) prevalence rate over 5%, 2003.
Data from left chart shown in blue meet the definitions of ‘Threats to childhood’.
†Indicates data that refer to years or periods other than those specified in
the column heading, differ from the standard definition or refer to only
part of a country.
* Included in poverty column because of stagnant or negative GDP per
capita average annual growth rate, 1990–2003. Gabon: –0.2; Georgia: –2.7;
Jamaica: 0.0; Russian Federation: –1.5; Turkmenistan: –1.3; Ukraine: –4.7.
Source: For conflict data: Adapted from SIPRI/Uppsala Co Data Project.
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