Table 7: Women

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  Under-5
mortality
rank  		 Life expectancy
females as a
% of males
1999		 Adult literacy rate
females as a
% of males
1995-99*		 Enrolment ratios
females as a % of males		 Contraceptive
prevalence
(%)
1995-2000*		 % of
pregnant women
immunized
against
tetanus
1997-99*		 % of births
attended
by trained
health
personnel
1995-2000*		 Maternal
mortality
ratio †
reported
1980-99*
 
 
 
  primary
school
1995-99*		 secondary
school
1995-97*
 
 
                   
Afghanistan 4 102 35 9 34 2x 19 8x -
Albania 91 109 - 102 103 - 77 99x -
Algeria 87 104 74 96 95 57 52 77x 220
Andorra 161 - - - - - - - -
Angola 2 107 52x 93x - 8 16 - -
Antigua and Barbuda 133 - 104 - - 53x - 100 150
Argentina 123 110 99 98 111 74x 36 98 38
Armenia 101 109 99 107 107x 60 - 97 35
Australia 175 107 - 100 103 76x - 100x -
Austria 175 108 - 99 97 71x - 100x -
Azerbaijan 81 114 97 99 111 - - 100 43
Bahamas 129 110 101 100 103x 62x - 100x -
Bahrain 142 106 84 101 108 62 80 98 46
Bangladesh 53 100 76 97 52x 54 85 13 440
Barbados 142 107 99 98 89x 55 - 100 0
Belarus 109 119 97 95 104 50 - 100x 28
Belgium 165 109 - 98 106 79x - 100x -
Belize 82 104 100 93 111x 47x 65 77x 140
Benin 24 106 44 66 42 37 90 60 500
Bhutan 45 103 50 76 29x 19x 73 15x 380
Bolivia 55 105 85 96 85x 48 27 59 390
Bosnia and Herzegovina 137 107 91 100 - - - 97x 10
Botswana 69 105 107 99 111 48 56 87 330
Brazil 89 111 99 96x 116x 77 30 92 160
Brunei Darussalam 154 105 91 95 115 - 45 98x 0
Bulgaria 139 110 99 99 99 76x - 100x 15
Burkina Faso 13 105 34 69 55x 12 30 27 -
Burundi 19 105 56 81 56 9x 9 24x -
Cambodia 35 106 73 88 60 22 33 34 470
Cameroon 26 106 73 84 69x 19 44 55 430
Canada 165 108 - 98 100 73x - 100x -
Cape Verde 62 109 75 93 104 53 52 54 55
Central African Rep. 21 109 50 71 40x 15 25 46x 1100
Chad 14 107 50 55 27 4 27 15 830
Chile 147 108 100 98 108 43x - 100 20
China 87 107 85 99 90 91 13x 67 55
Colombia 100 110 101 100 107 72 57x 85 80
Comoros 54 105 90 86 76x 21 22 52 500
Congo 44 109 81 91 73 - 33 - -
Congo, Dem. Rep. 9 106 65 73 59x 8x - - -
Cook Islands 101 - - 97 - 50x 79 99x -
Costa Rica 146 105 100 99 106 75x - 98 29
Côte d'Ivoire 22 102 59 73 48 15 44 47 600
Croatia 154 112 97 103 102 - - 100 6
Cuba 158 105 100 100 112 84 70 100 27
Cyprus 158 105 95 100 103 - - 100x 0
Czech Rep. 175 110 - 98 103 69x - 99x 9
Denmark 175 108 - 99 102 78x - 100x 10
Djibouti 27 106 55 73 71 - 14 79x -
Dominica 137 - - 113 - 50 - 100 65
Dominican Rep. 76 107 99 100x 138x 64 86 99 230
Ecuador 91 107 95 99 104x 66 34 71 160
Egypt 73 105 59 93 88 56 66 61 170
El Salvador 83 109 92 100 117 60 70 90 120
Equatorial Guinea 23 106 75 85 - - 70 5x -
Eritrea 46 106 - 84 71 8 28 21x 1000
Estonia 129 117 100 98 108 70x - - 50
Ethiopia 19 102 68 60 71 8 35 10 -
Fiji 123 106 95 99 102x 32x - - 38
Finland 175 111 - 101 114 80x - 100x 6
France 175 109 - 98 99 75x 83 99x 10
Gabon 28 106 72 97 - - 25 80x 600
Gambia 60 107 63 85 63 12x 96 44x -
Georgia 119 112 100 100 97 - - - 70
Germany 175 108 - 100 98 75x 80x 100x 8
Ghana 48 107 71 88 64x 22 52 44 210
Greece 161 107 96 100 101 - - 99x 1
Grenada 110 - - 89 - 54x - 99 1
Guatemala 68 110 85 89 92 38 38 41 190
Guinea 17 102 44 59 35 6 48 35 670
Guinea-Bissau 12 107 33 61 44x 1x 13 25 910
Guyana 58 111 98 95 107 - 82 95 180
Haiti 33 110 89 97 95x 18x 38 21 -
Holy See - - - - - - - - -
Honduras 83 107 99 102 128x 50 100 55 110
Hungary 151 112 99 98 103 73x - 99x 15
Iceland 175 106 - 100 99 - - 100x -
India 49 102 62 83 66 41x 73 34x 410
Indonesia 73 106 87 94 87 55 81 56 450
Iran 79 103 84 92 90 73 48 86 37
Iraq 34 105 63 86 63 18x 51 54x -
Ireland 161 108 - 99 108 - - 100x 6
Israel 165 105 96 100x 106x - - 99x 5
Italy 165 108 99 99 101 78x - 100x 7
Jamaica 149 105 117 96 106x 66 52 95 120
Japan 187 108 - 101 101x 59x - 100x 8
Jordan 91 104 87 100 104x 53 18 97 41
Kazakhstan 83 114 100 100 111 66 - 98 70
Kenya 37 102 80 99 85 39 51 44 590
Kiribati 63 - - - - 28x 39 72x -
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. 101 110 100 94x - - 5 100x 110
Korea, Rep. of 175 110 99 101 100 79x - 98x 20
Kuwait 147 107 87 96 100 35x 70 98 5
Kyrgyzstan 67 113 96 100 111 60 - 98 65
Lao People's Dem. Rep. 42 106 65 82 68 19x 36 14x 650
Latvia 129 119 99 99 104 - - 100x 45
Lebanon 98 104 85 96 109 63 - 89 100
Lesotho 31 106 131 96 144 23x - 50x -
Liberia 5 106 50 74 39x 6x 14 58x -
Libya 123 106 77 100x 100x 45 - 94 75
Liechtenstein 149 - 100x - - - - - -
Lithuania 123 117 99 97 104 - - - 18
Luxembourg 175 108 - 107x 106x - - 100x 0
Madagascar 24 105 88 99 100 19 35 47 490
Malawi 7 103 52 90 57 22 97 55x 620
Malaysia 154 107 89 101 114 48x 81 96 39
Maldives 55 96 101 98 100x 17 95 90x 350
Mali 5 104 25 67 50 7 62 24 580
Malta 161 107 101 99 95 - - 98x -
Marshall Islands 50 - - 99 - 37x - - -
Mauritania 16 106 55 90 52 4x 13 40x 550
Mauritius 119 112 91 101 105 75x 75 97x 50
Mexico 97 109 95 109 100 69 67 86 55
Micronesia, Fed. States of 117 - - - - - - 90x -
Moldova, Rep. of 94 113 98 99 104 74 - - 42
Monaco 175 - - - - - - - -
Mongolia 57 105 100 100 135 42 - 93 150
Morocco 72 105 53 81 77 59 36 40 230
Mozambique 10 105 42 76 56 10 53 44 1100
Myanmar 39 105 89 97 103x 33 64 56 230
Namibia 65 102 96 100 118 29x 81 68x 230
Nauru 101 - 103 94 - - - - -
Nepal 47 98 44 74 51x 30 65 9 540
Netherlands 175 108 - 98 96 80x - 100 7
New Zealand 165 108 - 100 105 70x - 95x 15
Nicaragua 78 108 103 103 118 60 100 65 150
Niger 3 106 33 61 56 8 19 18 590
Nigeria 15 106 71 87 85x 7 29 33 -
Niue - - - 100 - - 40 99x -
Norway 187 107 - 100 96 76x - 100x 6
Oman 142 107 72 95 96 40 97 91 19
Pakistan 39 103 58 70 52x 24 51 19 -
Palau 94 - - - - 47x - 99x -
Panama 110 107 99 96x 108x 58x - 90 70
Papua New Guinea 39 103 78 157 65 26 14 53 370
Paraguay 98 106 97 97 107 57 32 71 190
Peru 73 109 93 98 93 64 57 56 270
Philippines 83 106 100 101 106x 47 38 56 170
Poland 151 112 100 98 99 75x - 99x 8
Portugal 165 110 94 95 109x 66x - 98x 8
Qatar 142 109 96 94 98 32x - 98 10
Romania 117 110 97 98 99 57x - 99x 41
Russian Federation 123 120 99 99x 110x - - 99 50
Rwanda 18 105 89 100 75x 21x 83 26x -
Saint Kitts and Nevis 108 - - 93 - 41 - 100 130
Saint Lucia 135 - - 98 - 47 28 100 30
Saint Vincent/Grenadines 115 - - 84 - 60 - 96 43
Samoa 112 106 - 97 112 30 91 76x -
San Marino 165 - - - - - - - -
Sao Tome and Principe 58 - 73x - - 10x 31 86x -
Saudi Arabia 115 104 77 93 88 32 66 91 -
Senegal 37 108 53 79 60 13 45 47 560
Seychelles 139 - 102 100 - - 99 99x -
Sierra Leone 1 108 40 69x 59x 4x 25 - -
Singapore 187 107 90 98 110 74x - 100x 6
Slovakia 151 110 - 99 104 74x - - 9
Slovenia 165 110 100 100 103 - - 100x 11
Solomon Islands 112 106 - 87x 67x 25x 55 85x 550
Somalia 7 107 39x 50x 60x 1x 16 2x -
South Africa 66 110 99 88 120 56 26 84 -
Spain 165 109 98 98 110 59x 99x 96x 6
Sri Lanka 135 107 96 98 110 66x 91 94x 60
Sudan 43 106 70 90 90 8x 62 86x 550
Suriname 94 107 96 97x 116x - - 91x 110
Swaziland 51 108 96 94 98 21x 96 56x 230
Sweden 187 105 - 100 120 78x - 100x 5
Switzerland 187 108 98x 99x 94x 71x - 99x 5
Syria 101 107 80 95 89 36x 94 76x 110
Tajikistan 61 109 95 98 89 - - 79 65
Tanzania 30 104 94 99 83 22 77 35 530
TFYR Macedonia 112 107 94x 98 97 - 91x 97 3
Thailand 101 109 96 97 97x 72 90 71x 44
Togo 28 104 49 71 35 24 48 51 480
Tonga 123 - - 97 - 39x 95 92x -
Trinidad and Tobago 133 107 98 99 104 53x - 98x -
Tunisia 101 103 70 94 95 60 80 81 70
Turkey 77 107 79 88 71 64 36 81 130
Turkmenistan 64 111 98x - - - - 96 65
Tuvalu 71 - 100 100 - - 71 100x -
Uganda 32 105 68 88 60 15 49 38 510
Ukraine 129 114 101 99x 107x - - 100 27
United Arab Emirates 154 104 109 98 106 28 - 99 3
United Kingdom 165 107 - 100 116 82x - 98x 7
United States 158 108 - 99 99 74x - 99x 8
Uruguay 139 110 101 97 119 84 - 100 26
Uzbekistan 70 109 100 100 88x 56 - 98 21
Vanuatu 79 106 - 102x 78x 15x 78 79x -
Venezuela 119 109 98 103 139 49x 88 95 60
Viet Nam 89 106 93 97 93x 75 85 77 160
Yemen 36 102 52 51 26 21 26 22 350
Yugoslavia 119 107 98 101 106 - - 93 10
Zambia 11 103 79 98 62x 26 55 47 650
Zimbabwe 51 100 91 95 85 66 58 84 400
                   
Regional summaries                  
Sub-Saharan Africa   105 72 84 80 18 42 37 -
Middle East and North Africa   104 71 90 86 49 55 69 -
South Asia   102 63 82 64 40 69 29 -
East Asia and Pacific   107 87 98 92 81 34 66 -
Latin America and Caribbean   109 98 100 108 69 51 83 -
CEE/CIS and Baltic States   112 97 97 100 65 - 94 -
Industrialized countries   108 - 99 102 72 - 99 -
Developing countries   105 81 91 84 59 50 52 -
Least developed countries   104 70 83 60 24 51 28 -
World   106 83 92 89 61 51 56 -

Definitions of the indicators


Life expectancy at birth — The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross-section of population at the time of their birth.
Adult literacy rate — Percentage of persons aged 15 and over who can read and write.
Primary or secondary enrolment ratios — The number of children enrolled in a schooling level (primary or secondary), regardless of age, divided by the population of the age group that officially corresponds to that level.
Contraceptive prevalence — Percentage of married women aged 15-49 years currently using contraception.
Births attended — Percentage of births attended by physicians, nurses, midwives, or primary health care workers trained in midwifery skills.
Maternal mortality ratio — Annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births. This ‘reported’ column shows country reported figures that are not adjusted for underreporting and misclassification.

Main data sources


Life expectancy — United Nations Population Division.
Adult literacy — United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), including the Education for All 2000 Assessment.
School enrolment — Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), including the Education for All 2000 Assessment.
Immunization — Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.
Contraceptive prevalence — Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), United Nations Population Division and UNICEF.
Births attended — World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.
Maternal mortality — World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.

Notes


- Data not available.
x Indicates data that refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading, differ from the standard definition or refer to only part of a country.
* Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the column heading.