Table 1. Basic indicators

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    Under-5
mortality
rate		 Infant
mortality
rate
(under 1)		 Total
population
(thousands)
 Annual
no. of
births
(thousands) 		Annual
no. of
under-5
deaths
(thousands)		 GNP
per capita
(US$)
 Life
expectancy
at birth
(years)
 Total
adult
literacy
rate
 Primary
school
enrolment
ratio
(gross)
 % share
of household
income
1990-97*
    Under-5
mortality
rank		 1960 1999 1960 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1995-99* 1995-99* lowest
40%		 highest
20%
 
Afghanistan 4 360 257 215 165 21923 1139 293 250x 46 32 29 - -
Albania 91 151 35 112 29 3113 62 2 870 73 - 107 - -
Algeria 87 255 41 152 36 30774 881 36 1550 69 63 96 19 43
Andorra 161 - 7 - 6 75 1 0 d - - - - -
Angola 2 345 295 208 172 12479 595 176 220 48 42x 88x - -
Antigua and Barbuda 133 - 20 - 17 67 1 0 8520x - 82 99 - -
Argentina 123 72 22 60 19 36577 718 16 7600 73 96 111 - -
Armenia 101 48 30 38 25 3525 46 1 490 71 99 95 - -
Australia 175 24 5 20 5 18705 245 1 20050 78 - 101 19x 41x
Austria 175 43 5 37 4 8177 81 0 25970 77 - 103 25x 33x
Azerbaijan 81 74 45 55 35 7697 121 5 550 70 97 96 - -
Bahamas 129 68 21 51 18 301 7 0 12400x 74 96 99 - -
Bahrain 142 160 16 110 13 606 11 0 7640x 73 80 104 - -
Bangladesh 53 248 89 149 58 126947 3504 312 370 59 56 97 23 38
Barbados 142 90 16 74 14 269 3 0 6610x 77 97 101 - -
Belarus 109 47 28 37 23 10274 99 3 2630 68 99 98 22 37
Belgium 165 35 6 31 6 10152 105 1 24510 77 - 103 24 35
Belize 82 104 43 74 35 235 7 0 2730 75 75 101 - -
Benin 24 300 156 176 99 5937 242 38 380 54 30 76 - -
Bhutan 45 300 107 175 80 2064 76 8 510 62 42 72 - -
Bolivia 55 255 83 152 64 8142 264 22 1010 62 85 97 15 48
Bosnia and Herzegovina 137 160 18 105 15 3839 39 1 b 74 93 100 - -
Botswana 69 173 59 118 46 1597 53 3 3240 45 73 118 11x 59x
Brazil 89 177 40 115 34 167988 3344 134 4420 67 85 128 8 64
Brunei Darussalam 154 87 9 63 8 322 7 0 24630x 76 89 107 - -
Bulgaria 139 70 17 49 14 8279 71 1 1380 72 98 100 21 39
Burkina Faso 13 315 199 181 106 11616 530 105 240 45 19 41 14 55
Burundi 19 255 176 151 106 6565 273 48 120 43 37 62 - -
Cambodia 35 - 122 - 86 10945 360 44 260 54 68 90 - -
Cameroon 26 255 154 151 95 14693 573 88 580 54 63 82 - -
Canada 165 33 6 28 6 30857 343 2 19320 79 97x 102 20 39
Cape Verde 62 164 73 110 54 418 13 1 1330 70 85 118 - -
Central African Rep. 21 327 172 187 113 3550 132 23 290 45 40 61 - -
Chad 14 325 198 195 118 7458 323 64 200 48 33 65 - -
Chile 147 138 12 107 11 15019 290 3 4740 75 96 103 10 61
China 87 225 41 150 33 1266838 19821 813 780 70 84 104 15 48
Colombia 100 122 31 82 26 41564 988 31 2250 71 92 99 10 62
Comoros 54 265 86 200 64 676 24 2 350 60 74 92 - -
Congo 44 220 108 143 81 2864 123 13 670 49 75 79 - -
Congo, Dem. Rep. 9 302 207 175 128 50335 2293 475 110x 52 67 61 - -
Cook Islands 101 - 30 - 26 19 0 0 - - 99x 111 - -
Costa Rica 146 112 14 80 13 3933 90 1 2740 76 95 109 13 52
Côte d'Ivoire 22 290 171 195 102 14526 540 92 710 47 50 71 18x 44x
Croatia 154 98 9 70 8 4477 47 0 4580 73 97 95 - -
Cuba 158 54 8 39 6 11160 141 1 1170x 76 96 97 - -
Cyprus 158 36 8 30 7 778 11 0 11960 78 95 100 - -
Czech Rep. 175 25 5 22 5 10262 88 0 5060 74 - 104 24 37
Denmark 175 25 5 22 4 5282 63 0 32030 76 - 101 25 35
Djibouti 27 289 149 186 104 629 23 3 790 51 57 39 - -
Dominica 137 - 18 - 16 71 1 0 3170 - - 99 - -
Dominican Rep. 76 149 49 102 43 8364 195 10 1910 71 84 93x 12x 56x
Ecuador 91 178 35 107 27 12411 309 11 1310 70 89 99 14 53
Egypt 73 282 52 189 41 67226 1720 89 1400 67 56 100 21 41
El Salvador 83 191 42 130 35 6154 167 7 1900 70 76 94 12 54
Equatorial Guinea 23 316 160 188 105 442 18 3 1170 51 78 128 - -
Eritrea 46 250 105 170 66 3719 148 16 200 51 30 59 - -
Estonia 129 52 21 40 17 1412 12 0 3480 69 98 94 18 42
Ethiopia 19 269 176 180 118 61095 2699 475 100 44 33 42 18 48
Fiji 123 97 22 71 18 806 17 0 2210 73 91 111 - -
Finland 175 28 5 22 4 5165 57 0 23780 77 - 99 24 36
France 175 34 5 29 5 58886 711 4 23480 78 - 105 20x 40x
Gabon 28 287 143 171 85 1197 44 6 3350 52 63 132 - -
Gambia 60 364 75 207 61 1268 50 4 340 48 31 72 - -
Georgia 119 70 23 52 19 5006 69 2 620 73 100 95 - -
Germany 175 40 5 34 5 82178 736 4 25350 77 - 104 23x 37x
Ghana 48 215 101 127 63 19678 724 73 390 61 64 79 21 42
Greece 161 64 7 53 6 10626 97 1 11770 78 96 93 - -
Grenada 110 - 27 - 22 93 2 0 3450 - 96x 126 - -
Guatemala 68 202 60 136 45 11090 399 24 1660 65 68 94 8x 63x
Guinea 17 380 181 215 115 7360 312 56 510 47 35 54 17 47
Guinea-Bissau 12 336 200 200 128 1187 49 10 160 45 32 69 9 59
Guyana 58 126 76 100 56 855 18 1 760 65 98 88 - -
Haiti 33 253 129 169 83 8087 255 33 460 54 44 126 - -
Holy See - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Honduras 83 204 42 137 33 6316 205 9 760 70 70 97 11 58
Hungary 151 57 10 51 9 10076 96 1 4650 71 99 103 24 38
Iceland 175 22 5 17 5 279 4 0 29280 79 - 98 - -
India 49 242 98 146 70 998056 24489 2400 450 63 58 90 22 39
Indonesia 73 216 52 128 38 209255 4608 240 580 66 88 114 19 45
Iran 79 281 46 164 37 66796 1392 64 1760 70 76 107 - -
Iraq 34 171 128 117 104 22450 804 103 2170x 65 58 107 - -
Ireland 161 36 7 31 6 3705 53 0 19160 77 - 102 18x 43x
Israel 165 39 6 32 6 6101 118 1 17450x 78 95 99 18 43
Italy 165 50 6 44 6 57343 506 3 19710 78 98 101 21 39
Jamaica 149 76 11 58 10 2560 54 1 2330 75 76 94 16 48
Japan 187 40 4 31 4 126505 1271 5 32230 80 - 102 22x 38x
Jordan 91 139 35 97 29 6482 223 8 1500 71 87 93 16 50
Kazakhstan 83 74 42 55 35 16269 292 12 1230 68 99 100 20 40
Kenya 37 205 118 122 76 29549 992 117 360 51 77 89 15 50
Kiribati 63 - 72 - 53 82 3 0 910 - 100x 84 - -
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. 101 120 30 85 23 23702 472 14 a 73 100 104x - -
Korea, Rep. of 175 127 5 90 5 46480 681 3 8490 73 99 98 20x 42x
Kuwait 147 128 12 89 11 1897 40 0 19020x 76 89 99 - -
Kyrgyzstan 67 180 65 135 55 4669 116 8 300 68 97 98 18 42
Lao People's Dem. Rep. 42 235 111 155 93 5297 205 23 280 54 60 114 23 40
Latvia 129 44 21 35 17 2389 20 0 2470 69 100 101 22 37
Lebanon 98 85 32 65 28 3236 73 2 3700 70 87 113 - -
Lesotho 31 203 134 137 93 2108 73 10 550 54 81 94 9x 60x
Liberia 5 288 235 190 157 2930 129 30 490x 50 25 56 - -
Libya 123 270 22 159 19 5471 160 4 5540x 70 78 99 - -
Liechtenstein 149 - 11 - 10 32 0 0 d - 100x - - -
Lithuania 123 70 22 52 18 3682 36 1 2620 71 99 98 20 42
Luxembourg 175 41 5 33 5 426 5 0 44640 77 - 99x - -
Madagascar 24 364 156 219 95 15497 604 94 250 58 47 104 15 52
Malawi 7 361 211 205 132 10640 497 105 190 40 42 135 - -
Malaysia 154 105 9 73 8 21830 520 5 3400 72 94 94 13x 54x
Maldives 55 300 83 180 60 278 10 1 1160 65 99 123 - -
Mali 5 517 235 293 143 10960 507 119 240 54 29 50 13 56
Malta 161 42 7 37 6 386 5 0 9210 78 91 107 - -
Marshall Islands 50 - 92 - 63 62 2 0 1560 - 91x 133 - -
Mauritania 16 310 183 180 120 2598 104 19 380 54 46 86 17 46
Mauritius 119 92 23 67 19 1150 18 0 3590 72 82 105 - -
Mexico 97 134 33 94 27 97365 2324 77 4400 73 89 112 11 58
Micronesia, Fed. States of 117 - 24 - 20 116 4 0 1810 - 81x 100x - -
Moldova, Rep. of 94 88 34 64 27 4380 56 2 370 68 98 96 19 42
Monaco 175 - 5 - 5 33 0 0 d - - - - -
Mongolia 57 - 80 - 61 2621 58 5 350 67 97 103 20 41
Morocco 72 211 53 132 45 27867 703 37 1200 67 44 85 17 46
Mozambique 10 313 203 180 127 19286 826 168 230 42 38 76 - -
Myanmar 39 252 112 169 79 45059 942 106 220x 61 83 100 - -
Namibia 65 206 70 129 56 1695 60 4 1890 48 78 126 - -
Nauru 101 - 30 - 25 11 0 0 - - 95 101 - -
Nepal 47 315 104 212 75 23385 786 82 220 58 45 122 19 45
Netherlands 175 22 5 18 5 15735 176 1 24320 78 - 103 21 40
New Zealand 165 26 6 22 6 3828 57 0 13780 77 - 101 16x 45x
Nicaragua 78 193 47 130 38 4938 174 8 430 68 77 96 12 55
Niger 3 354 275 211 162 10400 497 137 190 49 13 32 10 53
Nigeria 15 207 187 123 112 108945 4176 781 310 50 57 70 13 49
Niue - - - - - 2 0 - - - 99x 100 - -
Norway 187 23 4 19 4 4442 57 0 32880 78 - 100 24 35
Oman 142 280 16 164 14 2460 87 1 4940x 71 68 98 - -
Pakistan 39 227 112 139 84 152331 5349 599 470 65 45 84 22 41
Palau 94 - 34 - 28 19 1 0 c - 98x 103x - -
Panama 110 88 27 58 21 2812 61 2 3070 74 92 106 9 60
Papua New Guinea 39 204 112 137 79 4702 149 17 800 59 72 63 12 57
Paraguay 98 90 32 66 27 5358 165 5 1580 70 91 112 8 62
Peru 73 234 52 142 42 25230 610 32 2390 69 92 122 14 51
Philippines 83 110 42 80 31 74454 2064 87 1020 69 94 119 16 50
Poland 151 70 10 62 9 38740 417 4 3960 73 99 98 23 37
Portugal 165 112 6 81 5 9873 102 1 10600 76 90 126 - -
Qatar 142 140 16 94 12 589 11 0 12000x 72 83 103 - -
Romania 117 82 24 69 21 22402 201 5 1520 70 97 100 23 37
Russian Federation 123 64 22 48 18 147196 1434 32 2270 67 99 107x 13 53
Rwanda 18 210 180 124 110 7235 295 53 250 41 53 88 23x 39x
Saint Kitts and Nevis 108 - 29 - 24 39 1 0 6420 - 90x 98 - -
Saint Lucia 135 - 19 - 17 152 3 0 3770 - - 115 - -
Saint Vincent/Grenadines 115 - 25 - 21 113 2 0 2700 - 82x 91 - -
Samoa 112 210 26 134 21 177 5 0 1060 72 98x 94 - -
San Marino 165 - 6 - 6 26 0 0 - - - - - -
Sao Tome and Principe 58 - 76 - 59 144 6 0 270 - 73x - - -
Saudi Arabia 115 250 25 170 20 20899 696 17 6910x 72 81 92 - -
Senegal 37 300 118 173 68 9240 364 43 510 53 51 66 11 58
Seychelles 139 - 17 - 13 77 3 0 6540 - 88 101 - -
Sierra Leone 1 390 316 220 182 4717 214 68 130 39 32 50x 3x 63x
Singapore 187 40 4 31 4 3522 49 0 29610 78 91 94 15x 49x
Slovakia 151 40 10 33 9 5382 56 1 3590 73 - 99 28 31
Slovenia 165 45 6 37 5 1989 18 0 9890 75 100 98 23 39
Solomon Islands 112 185 26 120 22 430 15 0 750 72 62x 97x - -
Somalia 7 294 211 175 125 9672 500 106 120x 48 24x 14x - -
South Africa 66 130 69 89 54 39900 1055 73 3160 52 67 97 8 65
Spain 165 57 6 46 6 39634 358 2 14000 78 97 109 20 40
Sri Lanka 135 133 19 83 17 18639 328 6 820 74 90 107 22 39
Sudan 43 208 109 123 67 28883 944 103 330 56 57 46 - -
Suriname 94 98 34 70 27 415 8 0 1660x 71 93 127x - -
Swaziland 51 233 90 157 62 980 37 3 1360 61 79 116 - -
Sweden 187 20 4 16 3 8892 86 0 25040 79 - 103 24 35
Switzerland 187 27 4 22 3 7344 79 0 38350 79 81x 107x 19x 44x
Syria 101 201 30 136 25 15725 472 14 970 69 82 95 - -
Tajikistan 61 140 74 95 54 6104 189 14 290 68 91 95 - -
Tanzania 30 240 141 142 90 32793 1332 188 240 48 84 76 18 46
TFYR Macedonia 112 177 26 120 22 2011 31 1 1690 73 94x 99 - -
Thailand 101 148 30 103 26 60856 997 30 1960 69 94 91 14 53
Togo 28 267 143 158 80 4512 185 26 320 49 52 103 - -
Tonga 123 - 22 - 18 98 2 0 1720 - 99 122 - -
Trinidad and Tobago 133 73 20 61 17 1289 18 0 4390 74 98 99 - -
Tunisia 101 254 30 170 24 9460 190 6 2100 70 65 116 16 46
Turkey 77 219 48 163 40 65546 1415 68 2900 70 83 92 - -
Turkmenistan 64 150 71 100 52 4384 121 9 660 66 98x - 18 43
Tuvalu 71 - 56 - 40 11 0 0 - - 98 100 - -
Uganda 32 224 131 133 83 21143 1081 142 320 42 62 122 18 46
Ukraine 129 53 21 41 17 50658 482 10 750 69 99 81 13 52
United Arab Emirates 154 223 9 149 8 2398 44 0 17870x 75 87 103 - -
United Kingdom 165 27 6 23 6 58744 680 4 22640 78 - 114 20x 40x
United States 158 30 8 26 7 276218 3754 30 30600 77 - 102 15 45
Uruguay 139 56 17 48 15 3313 58 1 5900 74 97 112 - -
Uzbekistan 70 120 58 84 45 23942 653 38 720 68 99 100 - -
Vanuatu 79 225 46 141 37 186 6 0 1170 68 64x 97 - -
Venezuela 119 75 23 56 20 23706 574 13 3670 73 92 91 13 52
Viet Nam 89 219 40 147 31 78705 1654 66 370 68 91 108 19 44
Yemen 36 340 119 220 86 17488 821 98 350 59 53 68 17 46
Yugoslavia 119 120 23 87 20 10637 136 3 b 73 98 69 - -
Zambia 11 213 202 126 112 8976 377 76 320 41 68 101 12 55
Zimbabwe 51 159 90 97 60 11529 354 32 520 43 86 108 10 62
 
Regional summaries
 
Sub-Saharan Africa   258 173 156 107 595336 24044 4165 503 49 54 74 11 58
Middle East and North Africa   247 63 156 48 332114 9306 585 2106 66 65 93 - -
South Asia   244 104 148 74 1343623 35681 3701 443 62 56 90 22 39
East Asia and Pacific   212 45 140 35 1856607 32642 1453 1057 69 86 105 16 47
Latin America and Caribbean   153 39 102 31 505986 11456 442 3806 70 88 113 10 61
CEE/CIS and Baltic States   101 35 76 28 476351 6405 224 2180 69 97 98 18 45
Industrialized countries   37 6 31 6 851638 9768 60 26157 78 96 104 19 41
Developing countries   222 90 141 63 4776909 116269 10504 1222 63 74 95 15 51
Least developed countries   283 164 173 104 629587 24022 3943 261 51 53 77 19 44
World   198 82 127 57 5961655 129302 10630 4884 64 77 96 18 43

Definitions of the indicators


Under-five mortality rate — Probability of dying between birth and exactly five years of age expressed per 1,000 live births.
Infant mortality rate — Probability of dying between birth and exactly one year of age expressed per 1,000 live births.
GNP per capita — Gross national product (GNP) is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers, plus any taxes that are not included in the valuation of output, plus net receipts of primary income from non-resident sources. GNP per capita is the gross national product, converted to United States dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the mid-year population.
Life expectancy at birth — The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross-section of population at the time of their birth.
Adult literacy rate — Percentage of persons aged 15 and over who can read and write.
Gross primary school enrolment ratio — The number of children enrolled in primary school, regardless of age, divided by the population of the age group that officially corresponds to primary schooling.
Income share — Percentage of income received by the 20 per cent of households with the highest income and by the 40 per cent of households with the lowest income.

Main data sources


Under-five and infant mortality rates — UNICEF, United Nations Population Division and United Nations Statistics Division.
Total population — United Nations Population Division.
Births — United Nations Population Division.
Under-five deaths — UNICEF.
GNP per capita — World Bank.
Life expectancy — United Nations Population Division.
Adult literacy — United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), including the Education for All 2000 Assessment.
School enrolment — United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), including the Education for All 2000 Assessment.
Household income — World Bank.

Notes


a: Range $755 or less.
b: Range $756 to $2995.
c: Range $2996 to $9265.
d: Range $9266 or more.
- Data not available.
x Indicates data that refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading, differ from the standard definition, or refer to only part of a country.
* Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the column heading.