The State of the World's Children 2000

Home | UNICEF in Action | Highlights | Information Resources | Donations, Greeting Cards & Gifts | Press Centre | Voices of Youth | About UNICEF

Statistical Tables

Table 7: Women

Life expectancy females as a % of males Adult literacy rate females as a % of males Enrolment ratios females as a % of males 1990-97*
Contraceptive prevalence (%) % of pregnant women immunized against tetanus % of births attended by trained health personnel Maternal mortality ratio† reported

Under-5 mortality rank 1998 1995 primary school secondary school 1990-99* 1995-98* 1990-99* 1990-98*

Afghanistan 4 102 35 50 34 2x 19 8x -

Albania 90 109 - 102 100 - 65 99x -

Algeria 88 103 64 89 95 57 52 77 220

Andorra 165 - - - - - - - -

Angola 2 107 52x 93 - 8 24 - -

Antigua and Barbuda 133 - - - - 53x - 100 150

Argentina 126 110 100 99 111 74x - 97 38

Armenia 104 110 99 105 107 60 - 96 35

Australia 175 107 - 100 100 76x - 100 -

Austria 175 108 - 101 96 71x - 100 -

Azerbaijan 80 112 99 97 111 - - 99 37

Bahamas 130 108 101 99 103 62x - 100x -

Bahrain 133 106 89 102 108 62 80 98 46

Bangladesh 48 100 53 86 50 49 86 8 440

Barbados 146 107 99 101 89x 55x - 100 0

Belarus 110 119 98 95 104 50 - 100x 22

Belgium 165 109 - 99 107 79 - 100x -

Belize 83 104 100x 95 111 47 65 77 140

Benin 22 106 43 58 43 37 66 60 500

Bhutan 41 103 50 61x 29x 19 80 15 380

Bolivia 57 105 84 91 85 48 27 59 390

Bosnia and Herzegovina 137 107 - - - - - 97 10

Botswana 77 104 107 101 110 48 54 78x 330

Brazil 85 113 99 96x 116x 77 30 92 160

Brunei Darussalam 156 107 91 95 115 - 52 98 0

Bulgaria 144 110 99 98 99 76x - 100x 15

Burkina Faso 22 102 34 65 55 12 54 27 -

Burundi 17 107 63 84 56 9x 9 24 -

Cambodia 24 106 66x 84 60 13 31 31 470

Cameroon 27 106 69 90 69 19 49 58 430

Canada 165 108 - 98 99 73x - 100x -

Cape Verde 65 108 75 98 93 53 51 54 55

Central African Rep. 18 109 51 65 40 15 37 46 1100

Chad 13 107 56 52 25 4 27 15 830

Chile 148 108 99 97 108 43x - 100 23

China 79 106 80 99 91 83 13 89 65

Colombia 104 110 100 99 107 72 57x 85 80

Comoros 53 103 79 84 81 21 22 52 500

Congo 47 111 81 92 73 - 30 - -

Congo, Dem. Rep. 9 106 78 69 59 8 - - -

Cook Islands 104 - - - - 50 29 99 -

Costa Rica 145 107 100 99 108 75 - 98 29

Côte d'Ivoire 28 102 63 74 48 15 44 47 600

Croatia 156 112 97 99 102 - - - 12

Cuba 160 105 100 96 112 82 70 99 27

Cyprus 156 105 94 100 103 - - 100 0

Czech Rep. 165 111 - 99 103 69 - 99 9

Denmark 175 107 - 99 104 78x - 100x 10

Djibouti 26 106 54 73 71 - 16 79x -

Dominica 133 - - - - 50x - 98 65

Dominican Rep. 75 106 99 101 138 64 77 99 230

Ecuador 89 109 95 89 104 57 3 64 160

Egypt 68 105 60 86 88 55 61 56 170

El Salvador 97 109 92 100 117 60 - 87 160

Equatorial Guinea 20 106 75 - - - 70 5 -

Eritrea 45 108 - 83 71 8 34 21 1000

Estonia 126 119 100 98 108 70 - - 50

Ethiopia 18 105 66 57 77 4 30 8 -

Fiji 120 106 95 99 102 32x - - 38

Finland 175 111 - 100 117 80x - 100 6

France 175 111 - 98 99 75 83 99 10

Gabon 30 106 72 - - - 4 80x 600

Gambia 59 107 47 77 63 12 96 44 -

Georgia 120 112 99 99 97 - - - 70

Germany 175 108 - 99 98 75 80 100x 8

Ghana 49 105 72 84 64 22 45 39 210

Greece 162 107 96 99 100 - - 99x 1

Grenada 109 - - - - 54 - 99 0

Guatemala 74 108 79 88 92 31 38 35 190

Guinea 14 102 44 54 33 29 48 31 670

Guinea-Bissau 11 107 34 58 44x 1x 46 25 910

Guyana 60 111 98 99 107 - 88 95 190

Haiti 36 110 89 93 96 18 38 21 -

Holy See - - - - - - - - -

Honduras 81 106 98 102 128 50 - 55 220

Hungary 149 112 100 98 103 73x - 99x 15

Iceland 175 105 - 98 97 - - 100x -

India 49 102 55 82 66 41 80 34 410

Indonesia 71 105 87 96 85 57 53 43 450

Iran 100 101 80 95 87 73 75 86 37

Iraq 37 105 63 85 63 18x 45 54x -

Ireland 162 107 - 100 107 - - 100 6

Israel 165 105 95 100 106 - - 99x 5

Italy 165 108 99 99 101 78x - 100x 7

Jamaica 149 105 111 100 113 66 52 95 120

Japan 189 108 - 101 102 59 - 100 8

Jordan 93 104 89 101 104 53 22 97 41

Kazakhstan 83 116 99 101 111 59 - 100 70

Kenya 40 104 81 100 85 39 51 44 590

Kiribati 62 - - - - 28 74 72 -

Korea, Dem. People's Rep. 104 109 - 94x - - 5 100x 110

Korea, Rep. of 175 110 96 100 100 79 - 98 20

Kuwait 147 105 92 97 100 35x 8 98x 5

Kyrgyzstan 69 113 96 97 112 60 - 98 65

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 41 106 64 78 64 19 32 14 650

Latvia 126 117 100 94 104 - - 100 45

Lebanon 94 106 85 96 109 63 - 89 100

Lesotho 33 106 131 111 148 23 - 50 -

Liberia 6 104 46 55x 39x 6x 14 58x -

Libya 117 106 69 100 100 45 - 94 75

Liechtenstein 149 - 100x - - - - - -

Lithuania 120 117 99 97 104 - - - 18

Luxembourg 175 110 - 107 106 - - 100x 0

Madagascar 25 105 53 96 100 19 30 47 490

Malawi 7 103 58 90 57 22 81 55 620

Malaysia 153 106 89 102 114 48x 71 99 39

Maldives 56 97 100 97 100 17 91 90 350

Mali 5 106 63 66 50 7 62 24 580

Malta 162 105 101 98 92 - - 98 -

Marshall Islands 52 - - - - 37 - - -

Mauritania 16 106 55 90 52 4 63 40 550

Mauritius 120 110 91 99 105 75 78 97 50

Mexico 97 109 95 97 100 69 70 68 48

Micronesia, Fed. States of 117 - - - - - - 90x -

Moldova, Rep. of 94 113 98 99 104 74 - - 42

Monaco 175 - - - - - - - -

Mongolia 28 105 87 106 135 - - 100 150

Morocco 67 106 53 76 77 59 33 43 230

Mozambique 10 107 42 71 56 10 41 44 1100

Myanmar 44 105 88 97 103 33 78 56 230

Namibia 62 102 96 102 118 29 70 68 230

Nauru 104 - - - - - - - -

Nepal 51 98 35 71 51 30 65 9 540

Netherlands 175 108 - 98 94 80 - 100 7

New Zealand 165 108 - 100 105 70x - 95 15

Nicaragua 77 108 103 103 116 60 42 65 150

Niger 3 106 32 61 56 8 19 18 590

Nigeria 15 106 72 79 85 6 29 31 -

Niue - - - - - - 40 99 -

Norway 189 108 - 100 94 76x - 100x 6

Oman 140 106 68 94 96 40 96 91 19

Pakistan 33 103 44 45 52 17 58 18 -

Palau 97 - - - - 38x - 99 -

Panama 133 106 99 96 108 58x - 86 85

Papua New Guinea 45 104 77 85 65 26 11 53 370

Paraguay 100 106 97 97 107 59 32 61 190

Peru 73 108 88 97 89 64 57 56 270

Philippines 81 104 99 102 106x 47 38 56 170

Poland 149 113 100 98 99 75x - 99x 8

Portugal 156 110 94 95 109 66x - 98x 8

Qatar 140 109 101 98 98 32x - 98 10

Romania 117 112 97 98 100 57 - 99 41

Russian Federation 115 120 99 99 108 - - 99 50

Rwanda 21 108 76 98 75 21 43 26 -

Saint Kitts and Nevis 90 - - - - 41x - 100 130

Saint Lucia 130 - - - - 47x - 100 30

Saint Vincent/Grenadines 120 - - - - 58x - 96 43

Samoa 110 107 - 93 112 21 99 76 -

San Marino 165 - - - - - - - -

Sao Tome and Principe 61 - - - - 10x 31 86x -

Saudi Arabia 113 106 75 97 88 - 66 90 -

Senegal 38 106 54 82 60 13 34 47 560

Seychelles 140 - 104x - - - 100 99x -

Sierra Leone 1 108 40 69 59 4x 42 - -

Singapore 175 105 90 98 110 74x - 100x 6

Slovakia 153 112 - 100 104 74 - - 9

Slovenia 175 110 100 99 102 - - 100 11

Solomon Islands 113 106 - 87 67 25 55 85 550

Somalia 8 107 39x 53x 56x 1x 41 2x -

South Africa 58 112 98 98 120 50x 26 82 -

Spain 165 109 98 99 112 59x 99 96x 6

Sri Lanka 137 107 93 98 110 66 78 94 60

Sudan 43 106 60 84 90 8 55 69 550

Suriname 94 107 96 97x 116x - - 91x 110

Swaziland 53 109 96 95 100 21x 79 56 230

Sweden 189 107 - 101 117 78x - 100x 5

Switzerland 175 109 - 99 94 71x - 99x 5

Syria 102 106 63 91 89 36 53 67 110

Tajikistan 62 109 99 97 89 - - 79 65

Tanzania 32 104 74 99 83 18 27 38 530

TFYR Macedonia 110 106 - 97 100 - 91x 95 11

Thailand 90 109 96 97 97 74 88 71x 44

Togo 30 104 53 71 35 24 41 51 480

Tonga 120 - - - - 39 93 92 -

Trinidad and Tobago 140 106 98 112 120 53x - 98x -

Tunisia 102 103 70 95 97 60 80 81 70

Turkey 85 107 79 95 67 64 32 81 130

Turkmenistan 66 111 98x - - - - 96 110

Tuvalu 71 - - - - - 71 100 -

Uganda 35 105 68 85 60 15 38 38 510

Ukraine 126 116 101 99 107 - - 100 25

United Arab Emirates 153 104 101 96 106 28 - 99 3

United Kingdom 165 107 - 101 117 82 - 98x 7

United States 160 110 - 99 99 74x - 99x 8

Uruguay 137 110 101 99 119 84 - 96x 21

Uzbekistan 70 111 100 97 88 56 - 98 21

Vanuatu 76 106 - 102 78 15 78 79 -

Venezuela 115 109 98 103 139 49x - - 65

Viet Nam 85 108 93 94x 93x 75 92 77 160

Yemen 38 102 29 40 26 21 26 22 350

Yugoslavia 130 109 98 101 106 - - 93 10

Zambia 12 103 83 93 62 26 - 47 650

Zimbabwe 55 102 88 97 85 66 58 69 400

Regional summaries

Sub-Saharan Africa 106 72 82 80 17 37 36 -

Middle East and North Africa 104 67 86 85 50 54 66 -

South Asia 102 54 77 64 39 64 28 -

East Asia and Pacific 106 83 98 92 76 58 78 -

Latin America and Caribbean 110 97 97 108 68 46 78 -

CEE/CIS and Baltic States 113 97 98 99 65 - 94 -

Industrialized countries 109 - 99 102 72 - 99 -

Developing countries 105 77 89 84 56 49 54 -

Least developed countries 104 63 78 59 22 48 26 -

World 106 80 90 88 59 51 58 -

Definitions of the indicators

Main data sources

Life expectancy at birth - The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross-section of population at the time of their birth.

Adult literacy rate - Percentage of persons aged 15 and over who can read and write.

Primary and secondary enrolment ratios - The number of children enrolled in a schooling level (primary or secondary), regardless of age, divided by the population of the age group which officially corresponds to that level.

Contraceptive prevalence - Percentage of married women aged 15-49 years currently using contraception.

Births attended - Percentage of births attended by physicians, nurses, midwives, or primary health care workers trained in midwifery skills.

Maternal mortality ratio - Annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births. This 'reported' column shows country reported figures which are not adjusted for underreporting and misclassification.

Life expectancy - United Nations Population Division.

Adult literacy - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

School enrolment - Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

Immunization - Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.

Contraceptive prevalence - Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), United Nations Population Division and UNICEF.

Births attended - World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.

Maternal mortality - World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF.

†The maternal mortality data provided in this table are those reported by national authorities. Periodically, UNICEF and WHO evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of underreporting and misclassification of maternal deaths, and to develop estimates for countries with no data. Such an exercise is currently in progress and results are expected shortly. Regional and global totals will be calculated once the results become available.

Previous | Contents | Continue