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Pakistan - male literacy 46%, female 21%. |
Progress towards gender equality is discussed elsewhere in The Progress of Nations (see Progress for women). But it should be recorded here that the most pervasive violation of the rights of the child in the modern world is the consistent subordination of girls.
Gender inequality is evident in virtually every country, rich or poor. But inequality in education is particularly important because it undermines the struggle for equality in almost all other fields.
Inequality in literacy
The 18 countries where twice as many men as women are literate
Adult literacy 1990
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Ratio
men to
% men % women women
-------------------------------------
Afghanistan 42 11 x3.8
Burkina Faso 26 7 x3.7
Niger 18 5 x3.6
Nepal 37 11 x3.4
Sierra Leone 40 14 x2.9
Liberia 49 18 x2.7
Mozambique 52 19 x2.7
Guinea 45 18 x2.5
Burundi 45 19 x2.4
Gambia 48 20 x2.4
Benin 42 19 x2.2
Bhutan 51 23 x2.2
Pakistan 46 21 x2.2
Senegal 39 19 x2.1
Bangladesh 47 23 x2.0
Djibouti 55 27 x2.0
Morocco 52 26 x2.0
Togo 61 30 x2.0
Source: UNESCO, `Statistics on adult illiteracy': preliminary results of the 1994 estimations and projections, STE - 16, Statistical issues, October 1994.