Primary school years
There has been significant progress in Indonesia towards achieving universal primary education. Primary school enrolment rates reached 97 per cent in 2009. One of the key challenges, however, is enabling children to move from primary to secondary eduction - nearly a quarter of children do not make this transition. There are also notable differences between social groups - almost half of children from poor families do not enrol in junior secondary schools, contributing to the high drop-out rates after primary level education. Quality of education is a key factor behind these statistics. Just 55 per cent of primary school teachers, and 73 per cent at junior secondary level, hold the minimum qualifications required by the Indonesian Ministry of Education. In many rural areas, teacher absenteeism is high with little incentives for educators to travel and live in remote, challenging locations.
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